Griel AE, Kris-Etherton PM: Beyond saturated fat: The importance of the dietary fatty acid profile on cardiovascular disease. Nutrition Reviews. 2006, 64 (5): 257-62. 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2006.tb00208.x.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kris-Etherton PM, Innis S: Dietary Fatty Acids -- Position of the American Dietetic Association and Dietitians of Canada. American Dietetic Association Position Report. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 2007, 107 (9): 1599-1611. Ref Type: Report
CAS
Google Scholar
Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, Rimm E, Colditz GA, Rosner BA, Hennekins CH, Willett WC: Dietary fat intake and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. New England Journal of Medicine. 1997, 337: 1491-9. 10.1056/NEJM199711203372102.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Posner BM, Cobb JL, Belanger AJ, Cupples LA, D'Agostino RB, Stokes J: Dietary lipid predictors of coronary heart disease in men. The Framingham Study. Archives of Internal Medicine. 1991, 151: 1181-7. 10.1001/archinte.151.6.1181.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mensink RP, Katan MB: Effect of dietary fatty acids on serum lipids and lipoproteins. Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis Vascular Biology. 1992, 12: 911-9.
CAS
Google Scholar
Keys A: Coronary heart disease in seven countries. Circulation. 1970, 41 (1): 211-
Google Scholar
Mensink RP, Zock PL, Kester AD, Katan MB: Effects of dietary fatty acids and carbohydrates on the ratio of serum total HDL cholesterol and on serum lipids and apolipoproteins: A meta-analysis of 60 controlled trials. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2003, 77: 1146-55.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Putnam J, Allshouse J, Scott-Kantor L: U.S. per capita food supply trends: More calories, refined carbohydrates, and fats. Food Review. 2002, 25 (3): 2-15.
Google Scholar
Kris-Etherton PMYS: Individual fatty acid effects on plasma lipids and lipoproteins. Human studies. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1997, 65 (suppl.5): 1628S-44S.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Higgs JD: The changing nature of red meat: 20 years improving nutritional quality. Trends in Food Science and Technology. 2000, 11: 85-95. 10.1016/S0924-2244(00)00055-8.
CAS
Google Scholar
O'Dea K, Traianedes K, Chisholm K, Leyden H, Sinclair AJ: Cholesterol-lowering effect of a low-fat diet containing lean beef is reversed by the addition of beef fat. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1990, 52: 491-4.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Beauchesne-Rondeau E, Gascon A, Bergeron J, Jacques H: Plasma lipids and lipoproteins in hypercholesterolemic men fed a lipid-lowering diet containing lean beef, lean fish, or poultry. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2003, 77 (3): 587-93.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Melanson K, Gootman J, Myrdal A, Kline G, Rippe JM: Weight loss and total lipid profile changes in overweight women consuming beef or chicken as the primary protein source. Nutrition. 2003, 19: 409-14. 10.1016/S0899-9007(02)01080-8.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Denke MA: Role of beef and beef tallow, an enriched source of stearic acid, in a cholesterol-lowering diet. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1994, 60: 1044S-9S.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Smith DR, Wood R, Tseng S, Smith SB: Increased beef consumption increases lipoprotein A-I but not serum cholesterol of mildly hypercholesterolemic men with different levels of habitual beef intake. Experimental Biological Medicine. 2002, 227 (4): 266-75.
CAS
Google Scholar
Wood JD, Richardson RI, Nute GR, Fisher AV, Campo MM, Kasapidou E, Sheard PR, Enser M: Effects of fatty acids on meat quality: review. Meat Science. 2003, 66: 21-32. 10.1016/S0309-1740(03)00022-6.
Google Scholar
Williamson CS, Foster RK, Stanner SA, Buttriss JL: Red meat in the diet. British Nutrition Foundation. Nutrition Bulletin. 2005, 30: 323-335. 10.1111/j.1467-3010.2005.00525.x. Ref Type: Report
Google Scholar
Biesalski HK: Meat as a component of a healthy diet - are there any risks or benefits if meat is avoided?. Meat Science. 2005, 70 (3): 509-24. 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.07.017.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yu S, Derr J, Etherton TD, Kris-Etherton PM: Plasma cholesterol-predictive equations demonstrate that stearic acid is neutral and monosaturated fatty acids are hypocholesterolemic. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1995, 61: 1129-39.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Whetsell MS, Rayburn EB, Lozier JD: Human Health Effects of Fatty Acids in Beef. 2003, Fact Sheet: West Virgina University & U.S.D.A. Agriculture Research Service. Extension Service West Virginia University, Ref Type: Electronic Citation
Google Scholar
Kris-Etherton PM: Monounsaturated fatty acids and risk of cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 1999, 100: 1253-
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
DeSmet S, Raes K, Demeyer D: Meat fatty acid composition as affected by fatness and genetic factors: a review. Animal Research. 2004, 53: 81-98. 10.1051/animres:2004003.
CAS
Google Scholar
De la Fuente J, Diaz MT, Alvarez I, Oliver MA, Font i Furnols M, Sanudo C, Campo MM, Montossi F, Nute GR, Caneque V: Fatty acid and vitamin E composition of intramuscular fat in cattle reared in different production systems. Meat Science. 2009, 82: 331-7. 10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.02.002.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Garcia PT, Pensel NA, Sancho AM, Latimori NJ, Kloster AM, Amigone MA, Casal JJ: Beef lipids in relation to animal breed and nutrition in Argentina. Meat Science. 2008, 79: 500-8. 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.10.019.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Alfaia CPM, Alves SP, Martins SIV, Costa ASH, Fontes CMGA, Lemos JPC, Bessa RJB, Prates JAM: Effect of feeding system on intramuscular fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid isomers of beef cattle, with emphasis on their nutritional value and discriminatory ability. Food Chemistry. 2009, 114: 939-46. 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.10.041.
CAS
Google Scholar
Leheska JM, Thompson LD, Howe JC, Hentges E, Boyce J, Brooks JC, Shriver B, Hoover L, Miller MF: Effects of conventional and grass-feeding systems on the nutrient composition of beef. Journal Animal Science. 2008, 86: 3575-85. 10.2527/jas.2007-0565.
CAS
Google Scholar
Nuernberg K, Dannenberger D, Nuernberg G, Ender K, Voigt J, Scollan ND, Wood JD, Nute GR, Richardson RI: Effect of a grass-based and a concentrate feeding system on meat quality characteristics and fatty acid composition of longissimus muscle in different cattle breeds. Livestock Production Science. 2005, 94: 137-47. 10.1016/j.livprodsci.2004.11.036.
Google Scholar
Realini CE, Duckett SK, Brito GW, Rizza MD, De Mattos D: Effect of pasture vs. concentrate feeding with or without antioxidants on carcass characteristics, fatty acid composition, and quality of Uruguayan beef. Meat Science. 2004, 66: 567-77. 10.1016/S0309-1740(03)00160-8.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Warren HE, Enser M, Richardson I, Wood JD, Scollan ND: Effect of breed and diet on total lipid and selected shelf-life parameters in beef muscle. Proceedings of British Society of animal science. 2003, 23-
Google Scholar
Ponnampalam EN, Mann NJ, Sinclair AJ: Effect of feeding systems on omega-3 fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acid and trans fatty acids in Australian beef cuts, potential impact on human health. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2006, 15 (1): 21-9.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Descalzo A, Insani EM, Biolatto A, Sancho AM, Garcia PT, Pensel NA: Influence of pasture or grain-based diets supplemented with vitamin E on antioxidant/oxidative balance of Argentine beef. Meat Science. 2005, 70: 35-44. 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.11.018.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wheeler TL, Davis GW, Stoecker BJ, Harmon CJ: Cholesterol concentrations of longissimus muscle, subcutaneous fat and serum of two beef cattle breed types. Journal of Animal Science. 1987, 65: 1531-7.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Smith DR, Wood R, Tseng S, Smith SB: Increased beef consumption increases apolipoprotein A-1 but not serum cholesterol of mildly hypercholesterolemic men with different levels of habitual beef intake. Experimental Biological Medicine. 2002, 227 (4): 266-75.
CAS
Google Scholar
Rule DC, Broughton KS, Shellito SM, Maiorano G: Comparison of muscle fatty acid profiles and cholesterol concentrations of bison, cattle, elk and chicken. Journal Animal Science. 2002, 80: 1202-11.
CAS
Google Scholar
Alfaia CPM, Castro MLF, Martins SIV, Portugal APV, Alves SPA, Fontes CMGA: Influence of slaughter season and muscle type on faty acid composition, conjugated linoleic acid isomeric distribution and nutritional quality of intramuscular fat in Arouquesa-PDO veal. Meat Science. 2007, 76: 787-95. 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.02.023.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sitz BM, Calkins CR, Feuz DM, Umberger WJ, Eskridge KM: Consumer sensory acceptance and value of domestic, Canadian, and Australian grass-fed beef steaks. Journal of Animal Science. 2005, 83: 2863-8.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bauman DE, Lock AL: Conjugated linoleic acid: biosynthesis and nutritional significance. Fox and McSweeney. Advanced Dairy Chemistry. 2006, Springer, New York, 93-136. Ref Type: Serial (Book, Monograph), 3, 2
Enser M, Hallett KG, Hewett B, Fursey GAJ, Wood JD, Harrington G: Fatty acid content and composition of UK beef and lamb muscle in relation to production system and implications for human nutrition. Meat Science. 1998, 49 (3): 329-41. 10.1016/S0309-1740(97)00144-7.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ruxton CHS, Reed SC, Simpson JA, Millington KJ: The health benefits of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: a review of the evidence. The Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics. 2004, 17: 449-59. 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2004.00552.x.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Simopoulos A: Omega-3 fatty acids in health and disease and in growth and development. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1991, 54: 438-63.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Thomas BJ: Efficiency of conversion of alpha-linolenic acid to long chain n-3 fatty acids in man. Current Opinion in Clincal Nutrition and Metabolic Care. 2002, 5 (2): 127-32. 10.1097/00075197-200203000-00002.
Google Scholar
Connor WE: Importance of n-3 fatty acids in health and disease. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2000, 71: 171S-5S.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kremer JM, Lawrence DA, Jubiz W, Galli C, Simopoulos AP: Different doses of fish -oil fatty acid ingestion in active rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective study of clinical and immunological parameters. Dietary Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids: biological effects and nutritional essentiality. 1989, New York: Plenum Press
Google Scholar
DiGiacomo RA, Kremer JM, Shah DM: Fish-oil dietary supplementation in patients with Raynaud's Phenomenon: A double-blind, controlled, prospective study. The American Journal of Medicine. 1989, 86: 158-64. 10.1016/0002-9343(89)90261-1.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kalmijn S: Dietary fat intake and the risk of incident dementia in the Rotterdam Study. Annals of Neurology. 1997, 42 (5): 776-82. 10.1002/ana.410420514.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yehuda S, Rabinovtz S, Carasso RL, Mostofsky DI: Essential fatty acids preparation (SR-3) improves Alzheimer's patient's quality of life. International Journal of Neuroscience. 1996, 87 (3-4): 141-9. 10.3109/00207459609070833.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hibbeln JR: Fish oil consumption and major depression. The Lancet. 1998, 351: 1213-10.1016/S0140-6736(05)79168-6. (April 18 1998)
CAS
Google Scholar
Hibbeln JR, Salem N: Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and depression: when cholesterol does not satisfy. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1995, 62: 1-9.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Stoll AL, et al: Omega 3 fatty acids in bipolar disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1999, 56: 407-12-415-16
Google Scholar
Calabrese JR, Rapport DJ, Shleton MD: Fish oils and bipolar disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1999, 56: 413-4. 10.1001/archpsyc.56.5.413.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Laugharne JDE: Fatty acids and schizophrenia. Lipids. 1996, 31: S163-S165. 10.1007/BF02637070.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sinclair AJ, Johnson L, O'Dea K, Holman RT: Diets rich in lean beef increase arachidonic acid and long-chain omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in plasma phospholipids. Lipids. 1994, 29 (5): 337-43. 10.1007/BF02537187.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Raes K, DeSmet S, Demeyer D: Effect of dietary fatty acids on incorporation of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid in lamb, beef and pork meat: a review. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 2004, 113: 199-221. 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2003.09.001.
CAS
Google Scholar
Marmer WN, Maxwell RJ, Williams JE: Effects of dietary regimen and tissue site on bovine fatty acid profiles. Journal Animal Science. 1984, 59: 109-21.
CAS
Google Scholar
Wood JD, Enser M: Factors influencing fatty acids in meat and the role of antioxidants in improving meat quality. British Journal of Nutrition. 1997, 78: S49-S60. 10.1079/BJN19970134.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
French P, Stanton C, Lawless F, O'Riordan EG, Monahan FJ, Caffery PJ, Moloney AP: Fatty acid composition, including conjugated linoleic acid of intramuscular fat from steers offered grazed grass, grass silage or concentrate-based diets. Journal Animal Science. 2000, 78: 2849-55.
CAS
Google Scholar
Duckett SK, Wagner DG, Yates LD, Dolezal HG, May SG: Effects of time on feed on beef nutrient composition. Journal Animal Science. 1993, 71: 2079-88.
CAS
Google Scholar
Nuernberg K, Nuernberg G, Ender K, Lorenz S, Winkler K, Rickert R, Steinhart H: Omega-3 fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids of longissimus muscle in beef cattle. European Journal of Lipid Science Technology. 2002, 104: 463-71. 10.1002/1438-9312(200208)104:8<463::AID-EJLT463>3.0.CO;2-U.
CAS
Google Scholar
Griinari JM, Corl BA, Lacy SH, Chouinard PY, Nurmela KV, Bauman DE: Conjugated linoleic acid is synthesized endogenoulsy in lactating dairy cows by delta-9 desaturase. Journal of Nutrition. 2000, 130: 2285-91.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sehat N, Rickert RR, Mossoba MM, Dramer JKG, Yurawecz MP, Roach JAG, Adlof RO, Morehouse KM, Fritsche J, Eulitz KD, Steinhart H, Ku K: Improved separation of conjugated fatty acid methyl esters by silver ion-high-performance liquid chromatography. Lipids. 1999, 34: 407-13. 10.1007/s11745-999-0379-3.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pariza MW, Park Y, Cook ME: Mechanisms of action of conjugated linoleic acid: evidence and speculation. Proceedings for the Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine. 2000, 32: 853-8.
Google Scholar
Bessa RJB, Santos-Silva J, Ribeiro JMR, Portugal AV: Reticulo-rumen biohydrogenation and the enrichment of ruminant edible products with linoleic acid conjugated isomers. Livestock Production Science. 2000, 63: 201-11. 10.1016/S0301-6226(99)00117-7.
Google Scholar
Turpeinen AM, Mutanen M, Aro ASI, Basu SPD, Griinar JM: Bioconversion of vaccenic acid to conjugated linoleic acid in humans. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2002, 76: 504-10.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Turpeinen AM, Mautanen M, Aro A, Salminen I, Basu S, Palmquist DL: Bioconversion of vaccenic acid to conjugated linoleic acid in humans. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2002, 76: 504-10.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Turpeinen AM, Mautanen M, Aro A, Salminen I, Basu S, Palmquist DL: Bioconversion of vaccenic acid to conjugated linoleic acid in humans. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2002, 76: 504-10.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Adlof RO, Duval S, Emken EA: Biosynthesis of conjugated linoleic acid in humans. Lipids. 2000, 35: 131-5. 10.1007/BF02664761.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mandell IB, Gullett JG, Buchanan-Smith JG, Campbell CP: Effects of diet and slaughter endpoint on carcass composition and beef quality in Charolais cross steers fed alfalfa silage and (or) high concentrate diets. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 1997, 77: 403-14.
Google Scholar
Dugan MER, Rollan DC, Aalhus JL, Aldai N, Kramer JKG: Subcutaneous fat composition of youthful and mature Canadian beef: emphasis on individual conjugated linoleic acid and trans-18:1 isomers. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 2008, 88: 591-9.
CAS
Google Scholar
Hodgson JM, Wahlqvist ML, Boxall JA, Balazs ND: Platelet trans fatty acids in relation to angiographically assessed coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis. 1996, 120: 147-54. 10.1016/0021-9150(95)05696-3.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
IP C, Scimeca JA, Thompson HJ: Conjugated linoleic acid. Cancer Supplement. 1994, 74 (3): 1050-4.
CAS
Google Scholar
Kritchevsky D, Tepper SA, Wright S, Tso P, Czarnecki SK: Influence of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on establishment and progression of atherosclerosis in rabbits. Journal American Collection of Nutrition. 2000, 19 (4): 472S-7S.
CAS
Google Scholar
Steinhart H, Rickert R, Winkler K: Identification and analysis of conjugated linoleic acid isomers (CLA). European Journal of Medicine. 1996, 20 (8): 370-2.
Google Scholar
Dugan MER, Aalhus JL, Jeremiah LE, Kramer JKG, Schaefer AL: The effects of feeding conjugated linoleic acid on subsequent port quality. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 1999, 79: 45-51.
CAS
Google Scholar
Park Y, Albright KJ, Liu W, Storkson JM, Cook ME, Pariza MW: Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on body composition in mice. Lipids. 1997, 32: 853-8. 10.1007/s11745-997-0109-x.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sisk M, Hausman D, Martin R, Azain M: Dietary conjugated linoleic acid reduces adiposity in lean but not obese Zucker rats. Journal of Nutrition. 2001, 131: 1668-74.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Smedman A, Vessby B: Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation in humans - Metabolic effects. Journal of Nutrition. 2001, 36: 773-81.
CAS
Google Scholar
Tsuboyama-Kasaoka N, Takahashi M, Tanemura K, Kim HJ, Tange T, Okuyama H, Kasai M, Ikemoto SS, Ezaki O: Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation reduces adipose tissue by apoptosis and develops lipodystrophy in mice. Diabetes. 2000, 49: 1534-42. 10.2337/diabetes.49.9.1534.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Clement L, Poirier H, Niot I, Bocher V, Guerre-Millo M, Krief B, Staels B, Besnard P: Dietary trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid induces hyperinsulemia and fatty liver in the mouse. Journal of Lipid Research. 2002, 43: 1400-9. 10.1194/jlr.M20008-JLR200.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Roche HM, Noone E, Sewter C, McBennett S, Savage D, Gibney MJ, O'Rahilly S, Vidal-Plug AJ: Isomer-dependent metabolic effects of conjugated linoleic acid: insights from molecular markers sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c and LXR alpha. Diabetes. 2002, 51: 2037-44. 10.2337/diabetes.51.7.2037.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Riserus U, Arner P, Brismar K, Vessby B: Treatment with dietary trans 10 cis 12 conjugated linoleic acid causes isomer specific insulin resistance in obese men with the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care. 2002, 25: 1516-21. 10.2337/diacare.25.9.1516.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Delany JP, Blohm F, Truett AA, Scimeca JA, West DB: Conjugated linoleic acid rapidly reduces body fat content in mice without affecting energy intake. American Journal of Physiology. 1999, 276 (4 pt 2): R1172-R1179.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kelley DS, Simon VA, Taylor PC, Rudolph IL, Benito P: Dietary supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid increased its concentration in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, but did not alter their function. Lipids. 2001, 36: 669-74. 10.1007/s11745-001-0771-z.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Whigham LD, Cook ME, Atkinson RL: Conjugated linoleic acid: Implications for human health. Pharmacological Research. 2000, 42 (6): 503-10. 10.1006/phrs.2000.0735.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schmid A, Collomb M, Sieber R, Bee G: Conjugated linoleic acid in meat and meat products. A review Meat Science. 2006, 73: 29-41. 10.1016/j.meatsci.2005.10.010.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Knekt P, Jarvinen R, Seppanen R, Pukkala E, Aromaa A: Intake of dairy products and the risk of breast cancer. British Journal of Cancer. 1996, 73: 687-91.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ha YL, Grimm NK, Pariza MW: Newly recognized anticarcinogenic fatty acids: identification and quantification in natural and processed cheese. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 1989, 37: 75-81. 10.1021/jf00085a018.
CAS
Google Scholar
Ritzenthaler KL, McGuire MK, Falen R, Shultz TD, Dasgupta N, McGuire MA: Estimation of conjugated linoleic acid intake by written dietary assessment methodologies underestimates actual intake evaluated by food duplicate methodology. Journal of Nutrition. 2001, 131: 1548-54.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Parodi PW: Conjugated linoleic acid: an anticarcinogenic fatty acid present in milk fat (review). Australian Journal of Dairy Technology. 1994, 49 (2): 93-7.
CAS
Google Scholar
Dunne PG, Monahan FJ, O'Mara FP, Moloney AP: Colour of bovine subcutaneous adipose tissue: A review of contributory factors, associations with carcass and meat quality and its potential utility in authentication of dietary history. Meat Science. 2009, 81 (1): 28-45. 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.06.013.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chauveau-Duriot B, Thomas D, Portelli J, Doreau M: Carotenoids content in forages: variation during conservation. Renc Rech Ruminants. 2005, 12: 117-
Google Scholar
Scott LW, Dunn JK, Pownell HJ, Brauchi DJ, McMann MC, Herd JA, Harris KB, Savell JW, Cross HR, Gotto AM: Effects of beef and chicken consumption on plasma lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic men. Archives of Internal Medicine. 1994, 154 (11): 1261-7. 10.1001/archinte.154.11.1261.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hunninghake DB, Maki KC, Kwiterovick PO, Davidson MH, Dicklin MR, Kafonek SD: Incorporation of lean red meat National Cholesterol Education Program Step I diet: a long-term, randomized clinical trial in free-living persons with hypercholesterolemic. Journal of American Colleges of Nutrition. 2000, 19 (3): 351-60.
CAS
Google Scholar
National Institute of Health Clinical Nutrition Center: Facts about dietary supplements: Vitamin A and Carotenoids. 2002, Ref Type: Pamphlet
Google Scholar
Descalzo AM, Insani EM, Biolatto A, Sancho AM, Garcia PT, Pensel NA, Josifovich JA: Influence of pasture or grain-based diets supplemented with vitamin E on antioxidant/oxidative balance of Argentine beef. Journal of Meat Science. 2005, 70: 35-44. 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.11.018.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Simonne AH, Green NR, Bransby DI: Consumer acceptability and beta-carotene content of beef as related to cattle finishing diets. Journal of Food Science. 1996, 61: 1254-6. 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1996.tb10973.x.
CAS
Google Scholar
Duckett SK, Pratt SL, Pavan E: Corn oil or corn grain supplementation to stters grazing endophyte-free tall fescue. II. Effects on subcutaneous fatty acid content and lipogenic gene expression. Journal of Animal Science. 2009, 87: 1120-8. 10.2527/jas.2008-1420.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yang A, Brewster MJ, Lanari MC, Tume RK: Effect of vitamin E supplementation on alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene concentrations in tissues from pasture and grain-fed cattle. Meat Science. 2002, 60 (1): 35-40. 10.1016/S0309-1740(01)00102-4.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pryor WA: Vitamin E and Carotenoid Abstracts- 1994 Studies of Lipid-Soluble Antioxidants. Vitamin E Research and Information Services. 1996
Google Scholar
Arnold RN, Scheller N, Arp KK, Williams SC, Beuge DR, Schaefer DM: Effect of long or short-term feeding of alfa-tocopherol acetate to Holstein and crossbred beef steers on performance, carcass characteristics, and beef color stability. Journal Animal Science. 1992, 70: 3055-65.
CAS
Google Scholar
Descalzo AM, Sancho AM: A review of natural antioxidants and their effects on oxidative status, odor and quality of fresh beef in Argentina. Meat Science. 2008, 79: 423-36. 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.12.006.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Insani EM, Eyherabide A, Grigioni G, Sancho AM, Pensel NA, Descalzo AM: Oxidative stability and its relationship with natural antioxidants during refrigerated retail display of beef produced in Argentina. Meat Science. 2008, 79: 444-52. 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.10.017.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lonn EM, Yusuf S: Is there a role for antioxidant vitamins in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases? An update on epidemiological and clinical trials data. Cancer Journal of Cardiology. 1997, 13: 957-65.
CAS
Google Scholar
Jialal I, Fuller CJ: Effect of vitamin E, vitamin C and beta-carotene on LDL oxidation and atherosclerosis. Canadian Journal of Cardiology. 1995, 11 (supplemental G): 97G-103G.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Stampfer MJ, Hennekens CH, Manson JE, Colditz GA, Rosner B, Willett WC: Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary disease in women. New England Journal of Medicine. 1993, 328 (1444): 1449-
Google Scholar
Knekt P, Reunanen A, Jarvinen R, Seppanen R, Heliovaara M, Aromaa A: Antioxidant vitamin intake and coronary mortality in a longitudinal population study. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1994, 139: 1180-9.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Weitberg AB, Corvese D: Effects of vitamin E and beta-carotene on DNA strand breakage induced by tobacco-specific nitrosamines and stimulated human phagocytes. Journal of Experimental Cancer Research. 1997, 16: 11-4.
CAS
Google Scholar
Leske MC, Chylack LT, He Q, Wu SY, Schoenfeld E, Friend J, Wolfe J: Antioxidant vitamins and nuclear opacities: The longitudinal study of cataract. Ophthalmology. 1998, 105: 831-6. 10.1016/S0161-6420(98)95021-7.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Teikari JM, Virtamo J, Rautalahi M, Palmgren J, Liestro K, Heinonen OP: Long-term supplementation with alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene and age-related cataract. Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica. 1997, 75: 634-40. 10.1111/j.1600-0420.1997.tb00620.x.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dietary guidelines Advisory Committee, Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture USDA: Report of the dietary guidelines advisory committee on the dietary guidelines for Americans. Dietary guidelines Advisory Committee. 2000, Ref Type: Hearing
Google Scholar
McClure EK, Belk KE, Scanga JA, Smith GC: Determination of appropriate Vitamin E supplementation levels and administration times to ensure adequate muscle tissue alpha-tocopherol concentration in cattle destined for the Nolan Ryan tender-aged beef program. Animal Sciences Research Report. 2002, The Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Ref Type: Report
Google Scholar
Yang A, Lanari MC, Brewster MJ, Tume RK: Lipid stability and meat colour of beef from pasture and grain-fed cattle with or without vitamin E supplement. Meat Science. 2002, 60: 41-50. 10.1016/S0309-1740(01)00103-6.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Valencia E, Marin A, Hardy G: Glutathione - Nutritional and Pharmacological Viewpoints: Part II. Nutraceuticals. 2001, 17: 485-6.
CAS
Google Scholar
Valencia E, Marin A, Hardy G: Glutathione - Nutritional and Pharmacologic Viewpoints: Part IV. Nutraceuticals. 2001, 17: 783-4.
CAS
Google Scholar
Descalzo AM, Rossetti L, Grigioni G, Irurueta M, Sancho AM, Carrete J, Pensel NA: Antioxidant status and odor profile in fresh beef from pasture or grain-fed cattle. Meat Science. 2007, 75: 299-307. 10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.07.015.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gatellier P, Mercier Y, Renerre M: Effect of diet finishing mode (pasture or mixed diet) on antioxidant status of Charolais bovine meat. Meat Science. 2004, 67: 385-94. 10.1016/j.meatsci.2003.11.009.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
French P, O'Riordan EG, Monahan FJ, Caffery PJ, Moloney AP: Fatty acid composition of intra-muscular tricylglycerols of steers fed autumn grass and concentrates. Livestock Production Science. 2003, 81: 307-17. 10.1016/S0301-6226(02)00253-1.
Google Scholar
Elmore JS, Warren HE, Mottram DS, Scollan ND, Enser M, Richardson RI: A comparison of the aroma volatiles and fatty acid compositions of grilled beef muscle from Aberdeen Angus and Holstein-Friesian steers fed deits based on silage or concentrates. Meat Science. 2006, 68: 27-33. 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.01.010.
Google Scholar
Lorenz S, Buettner A, Ender K, Nuernberg G, Papstein HJ, Schieberle P: Influence of keeping system on the fatty acid composition in the longissimus muscle of bulls and odorants formed after pressure-cooking. European Food Research and Technology. 2002, 214: 112-8. 10.1007/s00217-001-0427-4.
CAS
Google Scholar
Calkins CR, Hodgen JM: A fresh look at meat flavor. Meat Science. 2007, 77: 63-80. 10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.04.016.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sanudo C, Enser ME, Campo MM, Nute GR, Maria G, Sierra I, Wood JD: Fatty acid composition and sensory characteristics of lamb carcasses from Britain and Spain. Meat Science. 2000, 54: 339-46. 10.1016/S0309-1740(99)00108-4.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Killinger KM, Calkins CR, Umberger WJ, Feuz DM, Eskridge KM: A comparison of consumer sensory acceptance and value of domestic beef steaks and steaks form a branded, Argentine beef program. Journal Animal Science. 2004, 82: 3302-7.
CAS
Google Scholar