| Plain water | Other unsweetened | SSBs | Plain milk | Alcoholic beverages | 100% juice | Diet or light beverages | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean volume in ml (95% CI) Adjusted p-value | Mean volume in ml (95% CI) Adjusted p-value | Mean volume in ml (95% CI) Adjusted p-value | Mean volume in ml (95% CI) Adjusted p-value | Mean volume in ml (95% CI) Adjusted p-value | Mean volume in ml (95% CI) Adjusted p-value | Mean volume in ml (95% CI) Adjusted p-value | |||||||||
Model statistics | n | F(26,20,176) = 57.08 | F(26,20,176) = 170.71 | F(26,20,176) = 57.06 | F(26,20,176) = 73.54 | F(26,20,176) = 62.69 | F(26,20,176) = 43.04 | F(1,20,176) = 27.22 | |||||||
Sex |  | p = 0.6492 | p = 0.0052 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p = 0.5069 | |||||||
 Male | 10,096 | 879.0 | (836.4, 921.6) | 379.5 | (360.9, 398.0) | 246.8 | (229.6, 264.1) | 143.6 | (134.9, 152.3) | 177.8 | (157.1, 198.4) | 85.9 | (78.6, 93.1) | 47.7 | (38.9, 56.6) |
 Female | 10,080 | 855.5 | (825.8, 885.1) | 349.3 | (334.6, 364.1) | 160.2 | (149.6, 170.9) | 119.9 | (112.8, 127.1) | 62.7 | (55.4, 69.9) | 62.7 | (58.1, 67.4) | 40.6 | (33.5, 47.7) |
Age (years) |  | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | |||||||
 1–8 | 1800 | 444.9 | (418.8, 471.1) | 4.9 | (3.0, 6.7) | 129.7 | (116.8, 142.5) | 285.7 | (268.0, 303.4) | 0.8 | (0.0, 1.9)* | 119.7 | (109.4, 130.1) | 5.6 | (2.7, 8.6) |
 9–18 | 2230 | 806.9 | (771.3, 842.6) | 47.3 | (40.2, 54.4) | 302.7 | (281.5, 323.8) | 206.4 | (194.1, 218.7) | 7.9 | (4.4, 11.4) | 116.9 | (107.1, 126.6) | 17.3 | (13.3, 21.3) |
 19–30 | 2622 | 1092.0 | (980.0, 1204.1) | 287.9 | (252.0, 323.8) | 327.1 | (277.2, 377.0) | 119.0 | (91.6, 146.4) | 170.4 | (120.3, 220.5) | 91.3 | (70.9, 111.7) | 23.4 | (16.3, 30.6) |
 31–50 | 6150 | 1006.1 | (950.9, 1061.3) | 452.7 | (427.8, 477.7) | 214.4 | (195.6, 233.2) | 95.1 | (85.8, 104.4) | 154.7 | (131.6, 177.8) | 60.5 | (52.0, 69.0) | 58.3 | (44.8, 71.9) |
 51+ | 7374 | 792.9 | (760.0, 825.7) | 501.7 | (485.0, 518.3) | 138.7 | (127.8, 149.7) | 106.8 | (100.0, 113.5) | 136.9 | (121.8, 151.9) | 55.8 | (50.8, 60.8) | 57.2 | (47.6, 66.8) |
Ethnicity |  | p = 0.0100 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | p = 0.1130 | p < .0001 | |||||||
 White only | 14,452 | 876.3 | (848.2, 904.5) | 398.8 | (384.6, 413.0) | 203.9 | (190.9, 216.9) | 136.9 | (130.4, 143.4) | 149.0 | (135.1, 162.9) | 74.2 | (69.0, 79.4) | 52.8 | (45.1, 60.4) |
 Chinese only | 915 | 713.3 | (636.9, 789.7) | 340.3 | (274.1, 406.4) | 116.4 | (88.5, 144.3) | 97.8 | (80.7, 114.9) | 13.9 | (7.1, 20.6) | 51.3 | (36.8, 65.7) | 4.7 | (1.3, 8.1) |
 South Asian only | 994 | 849.4 | (767.6, 931.2) | 214.3 | (180.0, 248.5) | 197.4 | (158.1, 236.7) | 188.2 | (149.1, 227.3) | 19.8 | (10.0, 29.7) | 64.0 | (49.5, 78.6) | 21.2 | (9.2, 33.2) |
 Black only | 706 | 777.3 | (640.8, 913.8) | 158.9 | (122.8, 194.9) | 221.7 | (182.7, 260.7) | 92.5 | (61.3, 123.8) | 30.3 | (15.2, 45.4) | 97.5 | (72.1, 123.0) | 12.8 | (0.0, 29.7)* |
 Indigenous inclusive | 606 | 896.4 | (798.4, 994.4) | 337.6 | (282.5, 392.7) | 303.4 | (241.0, 365.9) | 134.1 | (107.4, 160.8) | 72.9 | (47.5, 98.3) | 79.3 | (52.4, 106.2) | 61.1 | (34.3, 87.9) |
 Mixed/other/not stated/ missing | 2504 | 896.4 | (807.6, 985.2) | 299.0 | (257.2, 340.9) | 206.8 | (178.8, 234.9) | 102.8 | (90.5, 115.0) | 70.1 | (34.6, 105.6) | 79.5 | (67.0, 92.1) | 22.7 | (13.5, 31.9) |
Income quartile |  | p < .0001 | p = 0.0213 | p = 0.2543 | p = 0.5967 | p = 0.0003 | p = 0.8946 | p = 0.0288 | |||||||
 1 (lowest income) | 3758 | 741.1 | (684.4, 797.9) | 363.1 | (335.4, 390.8) | 208.3 | (185.5, 231.0) | 141.0 | (123.4, 158.7) | 69.5 | (54.5, 84.5) | 74.4 | (65.1, 83.6) | 36.3 | (27.0, 45.5) |
 2 | 3854 | 815.8 | (758.8, 872.8) | 323.0 | (301.9, 344.1) | 199.3 | (178.0, 220.7) | 132.1 | (120.3, 143.9) | 108.3 | (89.6, 126.9) | 79.2 | (68.9, 89.4) | 33.3 | (26.5, 40.0) |
 3 | 3634 | 914.3 | (852.9, 975.8) | 379.0 | (352.6, 405.4) | 209.8 | (189.8, 229.9) | 135.5 | (121.8, 149.2) | 121.2 | (99.9, 142.5) | 73.2 | (64.4, 82.0) | 50.7 | (37.5, 63.8) |
 4 (highest income) | 3796 | 1048.2 | (986.2, 1110.2) | 424.0 | (393.1, 455.0) | 191.8 | (167.4, 216.3) | 124.6 | (113.6, 135.5) | 173.4 | (142.6, 204.1) | 65.4 | (55.2, 75.6) | 71.6 | (52.6, 90.6) |
 Not reported | 5135 | 831.1 | (781.1, 881.0) | 342.1 | (316.6, 367.6) | 207.6 | (185.4, 229.8) | 127.4 | (117.8, 137.0) | 126.5 | (98.2, 154.9) | 77.9 | (67.8, 88.1) | 33.2 | (21.6, 44.7) |
Province |  | p < .0001 | p = 0.0054 | p < .0001 | p = 0.0002 | p = 0.0135 | p < .0001 | p < .0001 | |||||||
 NL | 300 | 651.4 | (581.6, 721.1) | 384.6 | (337.9, 431.4) | 233.5 | (192.7, 274.3) | 110.5 | (96.5, 124.5) | 104.5 | (65.9, 143.1) | 68.5 | (55.4, 81.6) | 83.5 | (58.7, 108.2) |
 PEI | 83 | 680.8 | (613.8, 747.7) | 387.1 | (352.9, 421.4) | 207.7 | (181.6, 233.8) | 153.9 | (136.8, 171.0) | 105.0 | (67.8, 142.2) | 75.7 | (56.2, 95.2) | 54.2 | (34.1, 74.2) |
 Nova Scotia | 531 | 839.8 | (745.6, 933.9) | 386.3 | (353.5, 419.1) | 208.2 | (178.2, 238.2) | 137.2 | (121.2, 153.2) | 134.8 | (86.6, 182.9) | 63.3 | (52.1, 74.4) | 52.0 | (38.7, 65.3) |
 New Brunswick | 421 | 826.1 | (740.7, 911.5) | 389.3 | (348.2, 430.5) | 234.3 | (201.3, 267.2) | 144.0 | (124.8, 163.1) | 124.7 | (88.8, 160.6) | 66.9 | (54.8, 78.9) | 55.3 | (38.2, 72.4) |
 Quebec | 4704 | 809.9 | (756.6, 863.2) | 336.8 | (310.1, 363.6) | 192.9 | (171.0, 214.7) | 146.1 | (130.6, 161.7) | 146.9 | (119.8, 174.1) | 116.9 | (103.5, 130.2) | 50.6 | (35.6, 65.7) |
 Ontario | 7834 | 827.4 | (779.2, 875.6) | 360.1 | (340.0, 380.2) | 208.5 | (189.3, 227.8) | 124.8 | (114.4, 135.1) | 101.0 | (84.8, 117.2) | 64.1 | (57.7, 70.5) | 38.7 | (29.4, 48.0) |
 Manitoba | 694 | 905.5 | (816.1, 995.0) | 371.8 | (336.0, 407.5) | 249.5 | (217.5, 281.5) | 147.4 | (131.3, 163.6) | 79.0 | (58.0, 100.1) | 61.5 | (49.8, 73.3) | 68.9 | (40.0, 97.8) |
 Saskatchewan | 613 | 882.3 | (799.1, 965.6) | 440.1 | (391.7, 488.4) | 204.7 | (172.3, 237.1) | 160.7 | (139.7, 181.8) | 103.0 | (55.4, 150.7) | 61.5 | (49.1, 73.9) | 45.9 | (29.1, 62.6) |
 Alberta | 2352 | 1028.4 | (946.4, 1110.5) | 358.6 | (322.4, 394.7) | 246.6 | (219.6, 273.6) | 133.5 | (121.0, 146.1) | 137.5 | (98.8, 176.1) | 54.9 | (45.4, 64.5) | 58.3 | (41.2, 75.4) |
British Columbia | 2644 | 972.8 | (891.6, 1053.9) | 400.7 | (371.4, 430.1) | 148.1 | (131.5, 164.6) | 113.3 | (102.1, 124.5) | 128.1 | (105.3, 150.9) | 56.3 | (47.0, 65.6) | 21.0 | (14.4, 27.6) |
BMI category |  | p < .0001 | p = 0.7782 | p = 0.6788 | p = 0.4117 | p = 0.2204 | p = 0.0142 | p < .0001 | |||||||
 Underweight/normal | 6002 | 774.2 | (738.0, 810.3) | 288.2 | (268.4, 308.0) | 213.5 | (196.3, 230.8) | 143.0 | (132.4, 153.6) | 102.5 | (86.6, 118.3) | 92.6 | (84.4, 100.9) | 17.9 | (13.5, 22.4) |
 Overweight | 4308 | 915.2 | (858.1, 972.2) | 387.7 | (362.2, 413.2) | 194.2 | (178.0, 210.3) | 126.9 | (114.4, 139.3) | 120.1 | (98.0, 142.3) | 67.3 | (59.1, 75.6) | 52.2 | (36.8, 67.5) |
Obese | 3115 | 1025.6 | (951.9, 1099.3) | 419.8 | (389.6, 450.0) | 217.9 | (187.5, 248.3) | 127.3 | (114.2, 140.3) | 144.8 | (115.7, 173.9) | 61.3 | (52.0, 70.6) | 89.0 | (67.9, 110.0) |
 Don’t know/refusal/not stated | 6752 | 846.3 | (796.6, 896.1) | 391.8 | (368.9, 414.8) | 194.2 | (175.3, 213.0) | 127.0 | (117.3, 136.7) | 124.8 | (103.8, 145.8) | 68.4 | (60.7, 76.2) | 41.6 | (33.6, 49.7) |