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Table 3 Subgroup analysis for the association between dietary Mg intake and ASMI (β, 95%CI)

From: Association between dietary magnesium intake and muscle mass among hypertensive population: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Exposure

Dietary Mg intake (mg/day)

 

<EAR

EAR-<RDA

≥RDA

P for interaction

Gender

   

0.229

Female

Ref

0.03 (-0.03, < 0.09)

0.14 (0.06, 0.21)

 

Male

Ref

0.08 (0.00, 0.17)

0.11 (0.04, 0.19)

 

Age (years)

   

0.489

< 65

Ref

0.07 (0.01, 0.13)

0.12 (0.06, 0.19)

 

≥ 65

Ref

0.01(-0.10, 0.12)

0.04 (-0.06, 0.14)

 

PIR

   

0.486

< 1

Ref

0.07 (-0.08, 0.22)

0.16 (0.02, 0.22)

 

1 ≤ PIR < 3

Ref

0.02 (-0.08, 0.12)

0.10 (0.01, 0.18)

 

≥ 3

Ref

0.08 (0.02, 0.15)

0.11 (0.03, 0.18)

 

BMI (kg/m2)

   

0.121

< 30

Ref

0.10 (0.02, 0.17)

0.10 (0.04, 0.17)

 

≥ 30

Ref

0.01 (-0.08, 0.09)

0.12 (0.03, 0.22)

 

Physical activity

   

0.376

Less than moderate

Ref

0.02 (-0.07, 0.11)

0.11 (0.02, 0.19)

 

Moderate

Ref

0.07(-0.02, 0.15)

0.10 (0.03, 0.18)

 

Vigorous

Ref

0.11 (0.00, 0.21)

0.12 (0.00, 0.23)

 

Diabetes

   

0.142

No

Ref

0.07 (0.02, 0.13)

0.10 (0.04, 0.16)

 

Yes

Ref

-0.04 (-0.19, 0.10)

0.19 (0.04, 0.35)

 

Heart disease

   

0.480

No

Ref

0.05 (0.00, 0.11)

0.11 (0.05, 0.17)

 

Yes

Ref

0.13 (-0.03, 0.30)

0.11 (-0.08, 0.29)

 

Chronic kidney disease

   

0.490

No

Ref

0.06 (0.00, 0.11)

0.11 (0.06, 0.17)

 

Yes

Ref

0.08 (-0.06, 0.21)

0.09 (-0.07, 0.25)

 

Low energy intake

   

0.139

No

Ref

0.09 (0.02, 0.17)

0.12 (0.06, 0.19)

 

Yes

Ref

0.00 (-0.08, 0.07)

0.10 (0.00, 0.20)

 

Low protein intake

   

0.026

No

Ref

0.07 (0.02, 0.12)

0.11 (0.06, 0.17)

 

Yes

Ref

-0.11 (-0.31, 0.09)

-0.05 (-0.25, 0.16)

 

CRP(mg/dL)a

   

0.108

< 0.35

Ref

0.03 (-0.05, 0.11)

0.09 (0.01, 0.17)

 

≥ 0.35

Ref

0.07 (-0.01, 0.16)

0.10 (0.00, 0.20)

 

Serum albumin (g/L)

   

0.742

< 38

Ref

-0.04 (-0.24, 0.16)

-0.18 (-0.39, 0.04)

 

≥ 38

Ref

0.06 (0.01, 0.12)

0.12 (0.06, 0.17)

 

Muscle-related medications

0.265

No

Ref

0.06 (0.00, 0.12)

0.11 (0.05, 0.12)

 

Yes

Ref

0.05 (-0.08, 0.17)

0.07 (-0.06, 0.20)

 
  1. Each stratification was adjusted for age as categorical variable (< 45, 45 ∼ 65, ≥ 65), gender, race, PIR, BMI, physical activity, smoking status, drinking status, total energy intake, protein intake, diabetes, heart disease, chronic kidney disease, total cholesterol, serum albumin, CRP, and muscle-related medications except the stratification factor itself. Mg intake from supplements
  2. aCRP is divided in two groups by median
  3. Abbreviations BMI: body mass index; CI: confidence interval; CRP: C-reactive protein; EAR: estimated average requirement; Mg: magnesium; PIR: poverty income ratio; RDA: recommended dietary allowance; Ref: reference