Association between dietary magnesium intake and muscle mass among hypertensive population: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Table 2 Association between Mg intake and muscle mass (β, 95%CI; N = 10,279)

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Total Mg intake (from diet and supplements)
Per 100 mg/day increment	0.08 (0.05, 0.11)^**	0.02 (-0.002, 0.04)	0.01 (0.003, 0.03)
Categorical variable
<EAR	Ref	Ref	Ref
EAR-<RDA	-0.06 (-0.20, 0.08)	0.03 (-0.09, 0.14)	0.04 (-0.01, 0.09)
≥RDA	-0.09 (-0.21, 0.03)	0.07 (-0.02, 0.16)	0.10 (-0.01, 0.10)
P for trend	0.302	0.297	0.137
Dietary Mg intake
Per 100 mg/day increment	0.22 (0.19, 0.25)^**	0.04 (0.02, 0.07) ^**	0.04 (0.02, 0.06)^**
Categorical variable
<EAR	Ref	Ref	Ref
EAR-<RDA	0.08 (-0.06, 0.22)	0.15 (0.03, 0.26) ^**	0.06 (0.01, 0.11) ^*
≥RDA	0.14 (0.01, 0.26) ^*	0.01 (0.01, 0.21) ^*	0.10 (0.04, 0.16) ^**
P for trend	0.085	0.011	0.002

Model 1: crude analysis
Model 2: adjusted for age as categorical variable (< 45, 45 ∼ 65, ≥ 65), gender, and race
Model 3: adjusted for age as categorical variable (< 45, 45 ∼ 65, ≥ 65), gender, race, poverty income ratio, BMI, physical activity, smoking status, drinking status, total energy intake, protein intake, diabetes, heart disease, chronic kidney disease, total cholesterol, serum albumin, CRP, and muscle-related medications. Model for dietary Mg intake was adjusted for Mg intake from supplements additionally
Abbreviations BMI: body mass index; CI: Confidence Interval; CRP: C-reactive protein; Mg: magnesium; EAR: estimated average requirement; RDA: recommended dietary allowance; Ref: reference
** P < 0.01; * P < 0.05

ISSN: 1475-2891