Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study population
Total population | eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2 | P* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
< 60 | ≥ 60 | |||
N | 1234 | 193 | 1041 | |
Age, years | 63.7 (7.9) | 66.8 (8.2) | 63.1 (7.7) | < 0.001 |
Sex | 0.10 | |||
Men | 572 (46.4) | 79 (40.9) | 493 (47.4) | |
Women | 662 (53.7) | 114 (59.1) | 548 (52.6) | |
Education attainment | 0.21 | |||
Less than high school | 701 (56.8) | 109 (56.5) | 592 (56.9) | |
High school or equivalent | 402 (32.6) | 57 (29.5) | 345 (33.1) | |
College or above | 131 (10.6) | 27 (14.0) | 104 (10.0) | |
Smoking status | < 0.001 | |||
Never | 897 (72.7) | 157 (81.4) | 740 (71.1) | |
Current | 216 (17.5) | 14 (7.3) | 202 (19.4) | |
Former | 121 (9.8) | 22 (11.4) | 99 (9.5) | |
Drinking status | 0.07 | |||
Never | 836 (67.8) | 144 (74.6) | 692 (66.5) | |
Current | 352 (28.5) | 42 (21.8) | 310 (29.8) | |
Former | 46 (3.7) | 7 (3.6) | 39 (3.8) | |
Regular physical activity | 1090 (88.3) | 173 (89.6) | 917 (88.1) | 0.54 |
Hypertension at baseline | 855 (69.3) | 132 (68.4) | 723 (69.5) | 0.77 |
Clinical parameters | ||||
Waist to hip ratio | 0.90 (0.06) | 0.90 (0.06) | 0.90 (0.06) | 0.68 |
Waist circumference, cm | 87.2 (9.3) | 87.3 (9.9) | 87.1 (9.2) | 0.80 |
Hip circumference, cm | 97.1 (7.2) | 97.4 (7.7) | 97.0 (7.1) | 0.49 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 25.5 (3.6) | 25.6 (4.0) | 25.5 (3.5) | 0.85 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.08 (1.13) | 5.25 (1.18) | 5.05 (1.12) | 0.02 |
Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.91 (1.76) | 2.53 (3.50) | 1.79 (1.15) | < 0.001 |
LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.86 (0.90) | 2.73 (0.83) | 2.88 (0.91) | 0.03 |
HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.43 (0.41) | 1.37 (0.40) | 1.44 (0.41) | 0.01 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 144.7 (23.2) | 144.0 (22.4) | 144.9 (23.3) | 0.62 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 82.9 (13.0) | 81.1 (13.4) | 83.3 (12.8) | 0.04 |
Haemoglobin A1c, % | 6.7 (1.6) | 6.5 (1.2) | 6.8 (1.6) | 0.14 |
Fasting plasma glucose, mmol/L | 8.2 (2.3) | 8.2 (2.3) | 8.1 (2.3) | 0.54 |
γ-glutamyl transferase, U/L | 37.5 (55.2) | 35.8 (57.9) | 37.8 (54.7) | 0.64 |
Alkaline phosphatase, U/L | 92.9 (28.8) | 91.6 (26.7) | 93.2 (29.1) | 0.47 |
Total bilirubin, µmol/L | 14.3 (5.8) | 13.7 (6.1) | 14.4 (5.7) | 0.15 |
Alanine aminotransferase, U/L | 26.4 (23.1) | 22.3 (12.7) | 27.2 (24.4) | 0.006 |
Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L | 26.7 (16.7) | 25.3 (13.6) | 27.0 (17.2) | 0.19 |