Table 4 Psychosocial factors associated with the Breakfast Quality Index (BQI) in adult participants from the INHES Study, Italy 2010-2013

Self-rated health status

 Excellent

1211 (15.8)

4.30 ± 1.18

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Good

4962 (64.7)

4.71 ± 1.11

0.38 (0.31 to 0.46)

 < .0001

0.38 (0.31 to 0.45)

 < .0001

 Fair

1405 (18.3)

4.74 ± 1.12

0.41 (0.32 to 0.51)

 < .0001

0.42 (0.32 to 0.51)

 < .0001

 Poor

95 (1.2)

4.64 ± 1.06

0.32 (0.08 to 0.55)

 < .0001

0.32 (0.08 to 0.56)

 < .0001

Adverse life events

 None

6836 (89.1)

4.65 ± 1.13

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 At least one

837 (11.9)

4.67 ± 1.13

0.04 (-0.04 to 0.12)

0.29

0.03 (-0.05 to 0.11)

0.52

Stress at home

 Never

205 (2.8)

4.83 ± 1.09

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Sometimes

4320 (55.4)

4.62 ± 1.16

-0.19 (-0.35 to -0.03)

0.017

-0.17 (-0.33 to -0.01)

0.032

 Most of the times

2871 (38.2)

4.69 ± 1.09

-0.15 (-0.30 to 0.01)

0.071

-0.14 (-0.30 to 0.02)

0.085

 Often/always

277 (3.6)

4.53 ± 1.00

-0.30 (-0.50 to -0.10)

0.0040

-0.28 (-0.50 to -0.09)

0.0047

Stress at work^a

 Never

149 (1.9)

4.90 ± 1.07

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Sometimes

1503 (19.6)

4.54 ± 1.18

-0.28 (-0.47 to -0.09)

0.0038

-0.22 (-0.42 to -0.03)

0.022

 Most of the times

2077 (27.1)

4.62 ± 1.08

-0.23 (-0.42 to -0.05)

0.014

-0.17 (-0.36 to 0.02)

0.082

 Often

326 (4.2)

4.52 ± 1.07

-0.30 (-0.52 to -0.08)

0.0066

-0.24 (-0.46 to -0.01)

0.038

 Always

142 (1.9)

4.69 ± 1.22

-0.13 (-0.39 to 0.13)

0.31

-0.10 (-0.36 to 0.17)

0.47

 Not working

3476 (45.3)

4.71 ± 1.13

-

-

-

-

Financial stress^b

 Little or none

151 (2.0)

4.87 ± 1.11

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Moderate

4382 (57.1)

4.71 ± 1.13

-0.15 (-0.33 to 0.03)

0.10

-0.14 (-0.32 to 0.04)

0.14

 High

2898 (37.8)

4.55 ± 1.14

-0.30 (-0.49 to -0.12)

0.0012

-0.27 (-0.45 to -0.08)

0.0041

 Non-responders

242 (3.1)

4.54 ± 1.01

-

-

-

-