Diet in secondary prevention: the effect of dietary patterns on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Table 1 Eligible study description and baseline study population characteristics

Reference	Year	No	Intervention	Control	Follow-up (wk)	CVD type	Age (yr)	Female (%)	BMI (kg/m²)	SBP (mmHg)	LDL-C (mmol/l)	LLT (%)	AHT (%)
Ball [17]	1965	264	Low-fat	No intervention	159	CAD	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
Oslo Diet Heart study [18, 19]	1970	412	Moderate carb	No intervention	250	CAD	NR	0	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
Brown [20, 21]	1984	50	Moderate carb	Low-fat	52	PAD	62	26	NR	NR	4.0	NR	NR
Lyon Heart study [22,23,24]	1994	605	Mediterranean	No intervention	117	CAD	54	9	NR	120	4.5	NR	62
Huh [25]	1996	14	Low-fat	No intervention	52	CAD	59	14	24.3	NR	3.6	NR	NR
Aquilani [26]	1999	126	Low-fat	Moderate carb	26	CAD	57	0	NR	NR	4.6	NR	NR
Sondergaard [27]	2003	131	Mediterranean	No intervention	52	CAD	63	30	26.6	NR	4.0	NR	NR
Frost [28]	2004	55	Low GI	No intervention	12	CAD	62	13	27.8	NR	NR	73	25
Lindeberg [29, 30]	2007	29	Low-fat	Mediterranean	12	CAD	61	0	29.5	NR	NR	90	NR
This-Diet trial [31]	2008	101	Mediterranean	Low-fat	104	CAD	58	26	NR	120	2.4	82	> 88
Weber [32]	2012	124	Moderate carb	Mediterranean	12	CAD	63	34	29.9	128	NR	87	90
AUSMED study [33,34,35]	2018	65	Mediterranean	Low-fat	52	CAD	62	16	NR	137	1.9	89	NR
Balance [36,37,38]	2019	2,521	Moderate carb	Low-fat	182	Multiple	63	42	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
DISCO-CT study [39]	2019	81	Moderate carb	No intervention	26	CAD	60	38	29	NR	NR	69	69
CORDIOPREV [40,41,42,43]	2020	805	Mediterranean	Low-fat	52	CAD	60	8	31	NR	2.3	86	63
Eligible records not included in quantitative synthesis
Singh [44, 45]	1992	406	Moderate carb	Moderate carb	36	CAD	51	10	27	133	4.4	NR	NR
Von Haehling [46]	2013	524	Moderate carb	Moderate carb	26	CAD	68	26	NR	138	3.4	58	NR

Characteristics of included studies. Study population characteristics refer to the entire study population (both intervention and control groups) before treatment initiation and are presented as mean (age, BMI, SBP and LDL-C) or proportion of the entire population (sex, LLT and AHT)
Additional information on study population and intervention and reference diet are provided in Table S1
CVD Cardiovascular disease, BMI Body mass index, Moderate carb Moderate carbohydrate, CAD Coronary artery disease, PAD Peripheral arterial disease, SBP Systolic blood pressure, LDL-C Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, NR Not reported, N Number of included patients

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