Table 1 Main characteristic of the included studies
Author/year | Region | Patients, n= | Age | Tool | Cut-off value of nutritional status | Undernutrition degree(%) | HR | 95%CI | Follow-up (years) | Tumor stage | Therapeutic method | Study design | NOS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abe 2021 [23] | Japan | 159 | —— | GPS | 0 vs. 1,2 | 22.0 | 0.613 | 1.146–2.208 | 5 | I-II | Surgery | R | 7 |
PNI | ≤ 40 vs. >40 | 19.5 | 1.330 | 0.701–2.524 | |||||||||
Asama 2018 [24] | Japan | 72 | 63(42–85) | mGPS | 0,1 vs. 2 | 12.5 | 26.160 | 5.220–131.100 | 2.4 | III-IV | Chemotherapy | R | 6 |
PNI | <45.2 vs. ≥ 45.2 | 54.2 | 0.520 | 0.230–1.190 | |||||||||
CONUT | <3 vs. ≥ 3 | 36.4 | 0.690 | 0.290–1.670 | |||||||||
Asaoka 2016 [25] | Japan | 46 | 67 | PNI | <47 vs. ≥ 47 | 45.7 | 1.216 | 0.420–3.750 | 3 | I-II | Surgery | R | 9 |
Geng 2015 [26] | China | 321 | 60.0 ± 9.5 | PNI | <47.3 vs. ≥ 47.3 | 46.4 | 0.627 | 0.453–0.868 | 2.6 | III-IV | Chemotherapy | R | 8 |
Itoh 2021 [19] | Japan | 589 | 71(63–77) | CONUT | <3 vs. ≥ 3 | 30.39 | 1.236 | 0.925–1.653 | 5 | I-III | Surgery | R | 8 |
PNI | <46 vs. ≥ 46 | —— | 1.432 | 1.069–1.918 | |||||||||
GPS | 0,1 vs. 2 | 5.8 | 0.760 | 0.556–1.040 | |||||||||
mGPS | 0,1 vs. 2 | 9 | 1.157 | 0.738–1.813 | |||||||||
GNRI | <103.77 vs. ≥ 103.77 | —— | 0.916 | 0.683–1.229 | |||||||||
Kurahara 2015 [27] | Japan | 96 | —— | GPS | 0,1vs 2 | —— | 4.673 | 1.802–12.110 | 7.7 | IV | Chemoradiotherapy | R | 8 |
PNI | <45 vs. ≥ 45 | —— | 1.256 | 0.729–2.169 | |||||||||
Lee 2017 [28] | US | 499 | 62.1 ± 10.2 | PNI | <49.5 vs. ≥ 49.5 | 41.7 | 1.562 | 1.240–1.967 | 9 | I-IV | Surgery / Chemotherapy / Radiotherapy / No treatment | R | 8 |
121 | 62.9 ± 9.5 | PNI | <49.5 vs. ≥ 49.5 | —— | 1.645 | 1.020–2.654 | 9 | I-II | |||||
260 | 62.7 ± 10.2 | PNI | <49.5 vs. ≥ 49.5 | —— | 1.573 | 1.189–2.081 | 2.6 | IV | |||||
Onoe 2021 [29] | Japan | 187 | 68(36–85) | PNI | <36 vs. ≥ 36 | 33.2 | 1.600 | 1.110 − 2.300 | 5 | I-IV | Surgery / Palliative surgery | R | 8 |
Wang 2012 [30] | China | 91 | —— | mGPS | 0 vs. 1 vs. 2 | —— | 1.264 | 0.680–2.349 | 4.8 | I-IV | Surgery / Chemotherapy | R | 7 |
Abe 2018 [31] | Japan | 329 | 67(61–74) | PNI | <45 vs. ≥ 45 | 62.6 | 0.437 | 0.305–0.631 | —— | I-III | Surgery | R | 8 |
GPS | 0 vs. 1,2 | 25.5 | 0.615 | 0.366–1.008 | |||||||||
mGPS | 0 vs. 1,2 | 14.3 | 1.258 | 0.726–2.220 | |||||||||
95 | 65(58–69) | GPS | 0 vs. 1,2 | 49.5 | 1.279 | 0.710–2.342 | —— | IV | Palliative surgery | R | 8 | ||
PNI | <45 vs. ≥ 45 | 34.7 | 0.719 | 0.388–1.349 | |||||||||
Park 2019 [32] | Korea | 412 | Male: 63.1 ± 10.7 Female: 65.9 ± 11.4 | NRS 2002 | <3 vs. 3 vs. ≥ 4 | 47.1 / 19.7 / 33.2 | 1.238 | 1.143–1.341 | 4.2 | III-IV | Chemoradiotherapy / Surgery / No treatment | R | 8 |
Rivelsrud 2021 [33] | Norway | 149 | 66.6 ± 12.1 | NRS 2002 | <3 vs. ≥ 3 | 68.5 | 1.240 | 0.830–1.850 | 9 | —— | —— | R | 7 |
Trestini 2020 [34] | Italy | 73 | 65 ± 11 | NRS 2002 | <3 vs. ≥ 3 | 80.8 | 5.240 | 1.420–19.320 | 3.7 | I-IV | Surgery、Chemotherapy | R | 8 |
Dang 2022 [35] | China | 382 | 57.5(28.0–78.0) | COUNT | <2 vs. ≥ 2 | 73.0 | 1.145 | 1.051–1.248 | 3.4 | I-IV | Surgery | P | 8 |
GPS | ≤ 1 vs. >1 | —— | 0.918 | 0.608–1.385 | |||||||||
Kato 2018 [36] | Japan | 344 | 64.8 ± 9.9 | CONUT | <4 vs. ≥ 4 | 23.0 | 1.640 | 1.190–2.260 | 14.9 | I-IV | Surgery | R | 8 |
Terasaki 2021 [20] | Japan | 307 | —— | CONUT | ≤ 3 vs. ≥ 4 | 9.1 | 1.750 | 1.010–3.050 | 5.2 | I-IV | Surgery、chemotherapy | R | 6 |
PNI | <50 vs. ≥ 50 | 39.7 | 1.190 | 0.860–1.660 | |||||||||
GPS | 0 vs. ≥ 1 | 23.5 | 0.820 | 0.550–1.240 | |||||||||
Uemura 2022 [37] | Japan | 110 | 66(38–84) | CONUT | 0–1 vs. 2–4 | 57.2 | 1.920 | 1.160–3.240 | 5.2 | —— | chemotherapy | R | 6 |
0–1 vs. 5–8 | 7.2 | 10.710 | 3.870–27.630 | ||||||||||
Wang 2020 [38] | China | 294 | 55.5 ± 10.8 | CONUT | <3 vs. ≥ 3 | 34.0 | 4.000 | 2.820–5.600 | 5.3 | I-III | surgery | R | 6 |
PNI | <46.1 vs. ≥ 46.1 | —— | 0.890 | 0.620–1.290 | |||||||||
Funamizu2022 [39] | Japan | 139 | —— | GNRI | <99 vs. ≥ 99 | 51.8 | 2.490 | 1.370–4.540 | 5 | I-IV | Surgery、chemotherapy | R | 7 |
Hu 2020 [40] | China | 282 | 58.7 ± 13.5 | GNRI | ≤ 98 vs. >98 | 36.9 | 1.757 | 1.318–2.341 | 9.6 | I-IV | Surgery / chemotherapy | R | 8 |
Kokumai 2021 [41] | Japan | 41 | 65(41–79) | GPS | 0 vs. 1–2 | 39.0 | 3.437 | 1.116–10.589 | —— | I-III | Conversion surgery | R | 6 |
Bicakli 2020 [42] | Turkey | 96 | 60.7(28–80) | PG-SGA | <9 vs. ≥ 9 | 85.5 | 4.660 | 1.650–13.190 | 2 | —— | Surgery / chemotherapy | P | 7 |
Heckler 2021 [43] | Germany | 116 | 65.1 ± 11.0 | NRI | ≤ 100 vs. >100 | 5.0 | 1.340 | 0.780–2.310 | 3 | I-IV | Surgery / chemotherapy | P | 8 |
NRS2002 | <3 vs. ≥ 3 | 78.0 | 1.450 | 0.810–2.590 | |||||||||
SGA | A vs. B,C | 37.0 | 2.170 | 1.370–3.470 | |||||||||
MUST | 0 vs. ≥ 1 | 54.0 | 1.360 | 0.850–2.210 | |||||||||
MNA | <24 vs. ≥ 24 | 69.0 | 1.030 | 0.620–1.720 | |||||||||
MNA-SF | ≤ 11 vs. ≥ 12 | 92.0 | 0.530 | 0.250–1.110 | |||||||||
Nakagawa 2018 [44] | Japan | 151 | 70(61—75) | PNI | <40.008 vs. ≥ 40.008 | 37.7 | 0.780 | 0.500–1.210 | 2.9 | I-IV | Surgery、chemotherapy | R | 8 |
Shirakawa 2023 [45] | Japan | 255 | 65 (29–86) | PNI | < 47vs ≥ 47 | — | 1.440 | 0.890–2.340 | — | IV | chemotherapy | P | 6 |
Hayashi 2023 [46] | Japan | 162 | 66.8 ± 8.9 | PNI | < 45 vs. > 45 | 51.2 | 1.090 | 0.680–1.750 | — | I-IV | Surgery、chemotherapy | R | 7 |
Ma 2023 [47] | Canada | 263 | 64 (19–84) | PNI | < 45 vs. ≥ 45 | 78.0 | 1.270 | 0.920–1.770 | IV | chemotherapy | P | 7 |