40 years of adding more fructose to high fructose corn syrup than is safe, through the lens of malabsorption and altered gut health–gateways to chronic disease

DeChristopher, Luanne Robalo

doi:10.1186/s12937-024-00919-3

Table 4 Excess-free-fructose intake (g/d) from apple juice, as extrapolated from average per capita loss adjusted food availability (LAFA) data^b

From: 40 years of adding more fructose to high fructose corn syrup than is safe, through the lens of malabsorption and altered gut health–gateways to chronic disease

Year	Unadjusted per capita availability of apple juice in lb/yr^b	Per capita availability of apple juice (lb/y) after loss from primary to retail (26.7%)^b	Per capita availability of apple juice (lb/y) after 6% retail loss allowance^b	Per capita availability of apple juice (lb/y) after 10% consumer level loss allowance^b	*Per capita availability of apple juice (g/d) after 10% consumer level loss allowance—a g/d = ((lbs/yr 453.59)/365)**	Per capita Fructose fraction in apple juice in g/d	Per capita Glucose fraction in apple juice in g/d	Average per capita Excess-free-fructose intake from apple juice (g/d)
1970	6.44	4.72	4.4	4.00	4.97	0.32	0.15	0.17
1971	7.10	5.21	4.9	4.41	5.48	0.34	0.16	0.18
1972	5.49	4.03	3.8	3.41	4.23	0.27	0.12	0.14
1973	4.67	3.43	3.2	2.90	3.60	0.23	0.11	0.12
1974	5.97	4.38	4.1	3.70	4.60	0.28	0.13	0.15
1975	6.94	5.09	4.8	4.31	5.35	0.34	0.15	0.18
1976	6.36	4.66	4.4	3.94	4.90	0.31	0.14	0.17
1977	7.96	5.84	5.5	4.94	6.13	0.39	0.18	0.21
1978	9.67	7.09	6.7	6.00	7.46	0.47	0.22	0.25
1979	10.76	7.89	7.4	6.67	8.29	0.52	0.24	0.28
1980	13.15	9.64	9.1	8.16	10.14	0.64	0.29	0.34
1981	11.64	8.53	8.0	7.22	8.97	0.56	0.26	0.30
1982	14.71	10.79	10.1	9.13	11.34	0.71	0.33	0.38
1983	15.97	11.71	11.0	9.91	12.31	0.77	0.36	0.42
1984	18.57	13.62	12.8	11.52	14.32	0.90	0.41	0.48
1985	18.57	13.62	12.8	11.52	14.32	0.90	0.41	0.48
1986	18.32	13.43	12.6	11.37	14.12	0.89	0.41	0.48
1987	19.61	14.38	13.5	12.17	15.12	0.95	0.44	0.51
1988	19.32	14.17	13.3	11.99	14.90	0.94	0.43	0.50
1989	17.61	12.91	12.1	10.92	13.58	0.85	0.39	0.46
1990	20.93	15.35	14.4	12.98	16.13	1.01	0.47	0.55
1991	18.35	13.46	12.7	11.39	14.15	0.89	0.41	0.48
1992	18.96	13.90	13.1	11.76	14.62	0.92	0.42	0.50
1993	21.57	15.82	14.9	13.38	16.63	1.04	0.48	0.56
1994	21.51	15.77	14.8	13.34	16.58	1.04	0.48	0.56
1995	19.10	14.01	13.2	11.85	14.73	0.92	0.43	0.50
1996	20.56	15.08	14.2	12.76	15.85	1.00	0.46	0.54
1997	18.68	13.70	12.9	11.59	14.40	0.90	0.42	0.49
1998	21.75	15.95	15.0	13.50	16.77	1.05	0.49	0.57
1999	21.61	15.85	14.9	13.41	16.66	1.05	0.48	0.56
2000	21.59	15.84	14.9	13.40	16.65	1.05	0.48	0.56
2001	21.50	15.77	14.8	13.34	16.58	1.04	0.48	0.56
2002	21.66	15.88	14.9	13.44	16.70	1.05	0.48	0.57
2003	23.34	17.12	16.1	14.48	18.00	1.13	0.52	0.61
2004	25.52	18.71	17.6	15.83	19.67	1.24	0.57	0.67
2005	22.47	16.48	15.5	13.94	17.32	1.09	0.50	0.59
2006	26.63	19.53	18.4	16.52	20.53	1.29	0.59	0.70
2007	27.40	20.10	18.9	17.00	21.13	1.33	0.61	0.72
2008	25.27	18.53	17.4	15.68	19.48	1.22	0.56	0.66
2009	25.13	18.43	17.3	15.59	19.38	1.22	0.56	0.66
2010	26.56	19.47	18.3	16.48	20.47	1.29	0.59	0.69
2011	20.76	15.23	14.3	12.88	16.01	1.01	0.46	0.54
2012	22.66	16.62	15.6	14.06	17.47	1.10	0.51	0.59
2013	21.42	15.73	14.8	13.31	16.51	1.04	0.48	0.56
2014	20.58	15.19	14.3	12.85	15.87	1.00	0.46	0.54
2015	22.66	16.65	15.6	14.08	17.47	1.10	0.51	0.59
2016	22.63	16.72	15.7	14.14	17.44	1.10	0.50	0.59
2017	22.24	16.40	15.4	13.87	17.15	1.08	0.50	0.58
2018	22.14	16.20	15.2	13.71	17.04	1.07	0.48	0.59
2019	20.23	14.84	13.9	12.51	15.55	0.98	0.45	0.53

^aThere are 1.78 g of fructose and 0.82 g of glucose/ounce of apple juice or 5.73 g of fructose and 2.63 g of glucose/100 g of apple juice [29]
^bU.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. 2012. The ERS Food Availability (Per Capita) Data System. Economic Research Service Home Page, https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/food-availability-per-capita-data-system/
https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/food-availability-per-capita-data-system/food-availability-documentation/

Back to article page

ISSN: 1475-2891

Contact us

General enquiries: journalsubmissions@springernature.com

Nutrition Journal

Contact us