Food sufficiency status and sleep outcomes in older adults: the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS)

Nutrition Journal

Table 2 The association between food sufficiency status and sleep outcomes among older populations (65+) using wave 3 and 4 NHATS data¹

		Nighttime sleep hours b (95% CI)	Total sleep hours b (95% CI)	Sleep latency OR⁵ (95% CI)	Sleep quality OR⁶ (95% CI)
Model 1¹	N	1614	1581	1584	1649
	FS without FAP	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
	FS with FAP	0.23 (-0.05, 0.52)	0.31 (-0.02, 0.64)	0.75 (0.47, 1.21)	1.10 (0.75, 1.60)
	FI	-0.05 (-0.43, 0.34)	0.14 (-0.30, 0.59)	1.37 (0.75, 2.50)	1.18 (0.71, 1.96)
Model 2²	N	1614	1581	1584	1649
	FS without FAP	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
	FS with FAP	0.29 (0.005, 0.57)	0.33 (-0.003, 0.66)	0.62 (0.38, 1.03)	0.95 (0.64, 1.41)
	FI	0.02 (-0.36, 0.41)	0.10 (-0.35, 0.55)	1.08 (0.57, 2.03)	0.88 (0.51, 1.51)
Model 3³	N	1411	1387	1389	1438
	FS without FAP	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
	FS with FAP	0.25 (-0.05, 0.54)	0.32 (-0.02, 0.67)	0.50 (0.28, 0.89)	0.85 (0.54, 1.32)
	FI	0.05 (-0.35, 0.45)	0.20 (-0.27, 0.66)	1.05 (0.52, 2.09)	0.95 (0.52, 1.72)

FAP, Food Assistance Programs; FI, Food Insufficient; FS, Food Sufficient; NHATS, The National Health and Aging Trends Study. Bolded indicates significant association. Italicized indicates marginal association
¹ Multiple linear regression was used to test the associations between food insufficiency status with nighttime sleep hours and total sleep hours respectively. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the associations between food insufficiency status and whether the participants had longer sleep latency and low sleep quality respectively
² Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education levels, marital status, income levels, and household size
³ Model 2 was further adjusted for depression score, anxiety score, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, and heart attack or myocardial infarction
⁴ Model 3 was further adjusted for physical function performance test score quartiles
⁵ Sleep latency was considered as shorter sleep latency (≤ 0.50 h) or longer sleep latency (> 0.50 h)
⁶ Sleep quality was considered as high sleep quality (0 to 1 point) or low sleep quality (2 to 3 points)

ISSN: 1475-2891