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Table 1 Characteristics of study population by food security status, NHANES 1999–2018

From: Trends and disparities in prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases by food security status in the United States

Characteristics, N (%)

Food security status, No. (Survey weighted %) a

Full

(n = 35,599)

Marginal

(n = 5,113)

Low

(n = 5,734)

Very low

(n = 3,292)

Age group

    

 20–44

13,442 (43.1)

2,517 (57.8)

2,945 (60.4)

1,632 (57.9)

 45–64

11,728 (36.3)

1,674 (30.5)

1,914 (30.6)

1,190 (33.3)

 ≥ 65

10,429 (20.6)

922 (11.7)

875 (9.01)

470 (8.77)

Sex

    

 Men

17,903 (49.2)

2,379 (45.7)

2,722 (47.2)

1,600 (47.3)

 Women

17,696 (50.8)

2,734 (54.3)

3,012 (52.8)

1,692 (52.6)

Race/ethnicity

    

 Non-Hispanic white

17,862 (74.1)

1,453 (47.7)

1,511 (44.5)

1,155 (51.7)

 Non-Hispanic black

6,994 (9.26)

1,347 (18.5)

1,346 (17.4)

881 (18.9)

 Hispanic

7,241 (9.78)

1,831 (25.8)

2,460 (31.6)

1,064 (22.9)

 Others

3,502 (6.84)

482 (7.98)

417 (6.51)

192 (6.55)

Education

    

 <High school

7,821 (13.6)

1,839 (27.1)

2,580 (35.8)

1,332 (32.2)

 High school or GED

8,001(22.9)

1,308 (29.5)

1,380 (27.3)

848 (29.3)

 Some college

10,227 (30.7)

1,433 (31.4)

1,386 (28.8)

920 (31.9)

 College graduate or above

9,503 (32.8)

522 (12.0)

381 (8.10)

184 (6.59)

 Missing

47 (0.08)

11 (0.19)

7 (0.16)

8 (0.18)

Family income (IPR)

    

 ≤ 1.0

4,102 (7.84)

1,588 (26.7)

2,350 (35.7)

1,581 (44.1)

 1.0–4.0

17,390 (44.0)

2,870, 59.5

2,748 (53.0)

1,474 (48.9)

 ≥ 4.0

11,315 (41.8)

278 (7.44)

154 (3.85)

42 (2.63)

 Missing

2,792 (6.20)

377 (6.35)

482 (7.45)

195 (4.31)

Marital status

    

 Married or living with partner

21,931 (65.3)

2,808 (55.7)

3,109 (54.2)

1,460 (44.9)

 Separated/divorced/widowed

7,685 (17.4)

1,227 (22.2)

1,375 (22.2)

1,039 (29.3)

 Not married

5,598 (16.1)

1,050 (21.5)

1,213 (23.0)

780 (25.5)

 Missing

385 (1.23)

28 (0.59)

37 (0.57)

13 (0.35)

Smoking status

    

 Never

19,806 (55.5)

2,699 (50.4)

2,883 (47.6)

1,409 (39.6)

 Current

6,196 (18.1)

1,342 (29.2)

1,694 (33.4)

1,304 (43.9)

 Former

9,566 (26.3)

1,069 (20.4)

1,148 (18.9)

578 (16.4)

 Missing

31 (0.05)

3 (0.04)

9 (0.18)

1 (0.01)

Insurance coverage

    

 Yes

30,194 (87.0)

3,484 (68.9)

3,614 (63.3)

2,054 (63.4)

 No

5,405 (13.0)

1,629 (31.1)

2,120 (36.7)

1,238 (36.6)

SNAP participation

    

 Yes

2,601 (4,93)

1,111 (20.0)

1,533 (25.7)

1,079 (31.6)

 No

32,998 (95.1)

4,002 (80.0)

4,201 (74.3)

2,213 (68.4)

  1. Abbreviation: NHANES = National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; SNAP, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. CI, Confidence Interval. GED = general equivalency diploma
  2. a Data were weighted to be nationally representative
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Nutrition Journal

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