Table 3 Main study indicators before and after the intervention in the curcumin-piperine and placebo groups

CIMT

(mm)

0.94 ± 0.13

0.85 ± 0.13

-0.09 ± 0.11

< 0.001

1.00 ± 0.13

0.98 ± 0.13

-0.02 ± 0.06

0.061

0.002

0.001

hs-CRP

(mg/L)

2.48 ± 5.82

0.48 ± 0.74

-2.00 ± 5.72

< 0.001

2.18 ± 4.95

2.39 ± 5.11

0.20 ± 3.85

0.772

0.026

0.015

LDL

(mg/dL)

111.15 ± 41.84

108.40 ± 40.45

-2.74 ± 31.73

0.657

94.03 ± 30.49

113.27 ± 40.45

19.24 ± 43.46

0.024

0.139

0.270

HDL

(mg/dL)

46.33 ± 13.76

73.07 ± 22.61

26.74 ± 17.85

< 0.001

49.44 ± 17.66

68.79 ± 18.46

19.34 ± 20.15

< 0.001

0.212

0.439

TG

(mg/dL)

174.55 ± 99.98

134.18 ± 62.42

40.37 ± 82.45

0.017

169.0 ± 84.36

179.24 ± 72.94

10.17 ± 48.46

0.268

0.001

0.022

TC

(mg/dL)

186.40 ± 61.37

162.07 ± 36.48

24.33 ± 56.36

0.034

155.7 ± 34.78

178.58 ± 44.87

22.79 ± 37.74

0.003

0.009

0.020

Fibrinogen (mg/dL)

474.11 ± 104.46

402.85 ± 60.23

71.25 ± 88.37

< 0.001

350.24 ± 113.10

376.13 ± 107.79

25.8 ± 101.4

0.180

0.223

0.313

SBP

(mmHg)

13.40 ± 2.00

12.11 ± 0.80

-1.29 ± 1.65

< 0.001

13.31 ± 1.51

12.72 ± 0.64

-0.58 ± 1.26

0.019

< 0.001

< 0.001

DBP

(mmHg)

9.29 ± 1.63

8.33 ± 0.67

-0.96 ± 1.09

< 0.001

9.31 ± 1.19

8.89 ± 0.77

-0.41 ± 0.94

0.026

< 0.001

< 0.001

TAC

(mmol/ml)

2.81 ± 0.19

2.88 ± 0.19

0.07 ± 0.06

< 0.001

2.85 ± 0.19

2.84 ± 0.19

-0.01 ± 0.01

0.404

< 0.001

< 0.001

Weight

(kg)

69.12 ± 14.64

68.96 ± 14.27

-0.16 ± 0.59

0.167

73.82 ± 13.26

74.14 ± 13.16

0.31 ± 0.64

0.013

0.001

0.015

WC

(cm)

89.92 ± 13.13

89.80 ± 12.97

-0.12 ± 0.32

0.059

92.75 ± 11.11

92.81 ± 11.20

0.05 ± 0.26

0.310

0.024

0.086

BMI (kg/m²)

26.88 ± 5.04

26.82 ± 4.89

-0.05 ± 0.23

0.209

27.33 ± 3.77

27.10 ± 4.25

-0.22 ± 1.85

0.524

0.665

0.539