The effect of a low renal acid load diet on blood pressure, lipid profile, and blood glucose indices in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial

Table 2 Food intake during the study in low renal acid diet and control groups based on food records

Nutrients	LRAL diet (n = 36)	Control (n = 35)	P value ^b
Energy (kcal)	1854 ± 342	1848 ± 249	0.94
Carbohydrate (g/d)	233^a ± 5	234^a ± 5	0.30
Protein (g/d)	83^a ± 5	83^a ± 5	0.62
Fat (g/d)	66^a ± 3	65^a ± 3	0.21
Cholesterol (mg/d)	103^a ± 122	398^a ± 122	< 0.001
SFA (g/d)	9.03^a ± 2	13^a ± 2	< 0.001
PUFA (g/d)	13^a ± 4	15^a ± 4	0.04
MUFA (g/d)	9^a ± 2	142^a ± 2	< 0.001
Dietary Fiber (g/d)	25^a ± 8	17^a ± 8	< 0.001
VitaminA (RE/d)	1132^a ± 427	481^a ± 427	< 0.001
VitaminE (mg/d)	19^a ± 5	14^a ± 5	< 0.001
VitaminC (mg/d)	86^a ± 24	28^a ± 24	< 0.001
VitaminB1 (mg/d)	2^a ± 0	2^a ± 0	< 0.001
VitaminB2 (mg/d)	2^a ± 0	2^a ± 0	0.84
VitaminB3 (mg/d)	20^a ± 3	22^a ± 3	0.01
VitaminB6 (mg/d)	1^a ± 1	1^a ± 1	0.14
Folate (µg/d)	478^a ± 120	246^a ± 120	< 0.001
Beta-Caroten (µg/d)	980^a ± 454	121^a ± 454	< 0.001
Potassium (mg/d)	3261^a ± 497	2844^a ± 497	0.001
Iron (mg/d)	16^a ± 1	13^a ± 1	< 0.001
Calcium (mg)	967^a ± 155	1095^a ± 155	0.001
Zinc (mg/d)	8^a ± 1	9^a ± 1	< 0.001
Magnesium (mg/d)	265^a ± 42	308^a ± 42	< 0.001
Phosphorus (mg)	1109^a ± 136	1202^a ± 136	0.008
Selenium (mg)	1^a ± 0	1^a ± 0	0.35
Chromium (mg)	1^a ± 2	1^a ± 2	0.34
PRAL(mEq/d)	-6.5 ± 11.5	3 ± 7	< 0.001
NEAP(mEq/d)	36.8 ± 14.1	45 ± 8	0.003

All variables are reported as Mean ± SD
LRAL Low renal acid load, SFA Saturated fatty acid, PUFA Polyunsaturated fatty acid, MUFA monounsaturated fatty acid, PRAL Potential renal acid load, NEAP Net endogenous acid production
^aValues were adjusted for energy intake
^bCalculated by ANCOVA except for energy, PRAL and NEAP calculated by independent t-test

ISSN: 1475-2891