Table 5 Summary of results from Latinamerican observational studies on diet and gestational diabetes

Sartorelli DS et al. 2019 [57]

Brazil - Latin America

n: 785

cross-sectional

women aged ≥20 years, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥ 20 kg/m2 recruited in five laboratories, 2011–2012. Gestational age between 24 to 39 weeks.

pregnancy minimally processed foods and ultra-processed foods intake

No association

Sartorelli DS et al. 2019 [57]

Brazil - Latin America

n: 785

cross-sectional

women aged ≥20 years, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥ 20 kg/m2 recruited in five laboratories, 2011–2012. Gestational age between 24 to 39 weeks

pregnancy dietary patterns

Dietary pattern 1 (high rice, beans, and vegetables, with low full-fat dairy products, biscuits, and sweets) Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.58; 95% Confindece Intervale (CI) 0.36–0.95; p = 0.03

Balbi M et al. 2019 [58]

Brazil - Latin America

n: 785

cross-sectional

women aged ≥20 years, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥ 20 kg/m2 recruited in five laboratories, 2011–2012. Gestational age between 24 to 39 weeks

pregnancy flavonoids intake

No association

Nascimento GR et al. 2016 [59]

Brazil - Latin America

n: 838

cohort

pregnant women from a prenatal health care clinic at the Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), 2011–2014. Gestational age between 15 to 20 weeks.

pregnancy dietary patterns

No association

Barbieri P. et al. 2016 [60]

Brazil - Latin America

n: 799

cross-sectional

pregnant women > 24 weeks of gestation who receiving care at the Public Health System of Ribeirao Preto (SP), Brazil, 2011–2012.

pregnancy dietary fat quality

∑n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids intake (PUFA) intake: OR = 0.21; 95% CI 0.08–0.56, p = 0,002; α-linolenic intake: OR: 0.15; 95% CI: 0.05–0.42, p = < 0.0001; PUFA intake: OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.24–0.85, p = 0.04