Table 4 Summary of results from African and Oceanian observational studies on diet and gestational diabetes
Paper | Regional location | Number of subjects | Study type | Population characteristics | Maternal dietary component | Effects of diet on GD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Looman M et al. 2019 [55] | Australia - Oceania | n:3607 | cohort | women aged 25–30 years from the prospective Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health cohort, 2003–2015. | pre-pregnancy dietary micronutrient adequacy | Highest quartile of the Micronutrient Adequacy Ratio: RR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.43–0.86, p-trend 0.01. |
Mahjoub F et al. 2021 [56] | Tunisia - Africa | n: 120 cases:60 controls:60 | case-control | pregnant women aged 26–37 years from the National Institute of Nutrition, 2018. Gestational age between 24 and 32 weeks. | nutrient intake and adherence to a Mediterranean diet during pregnancy | Vitamin D intake: OR = 0.29 [0.15–0.54], P < 10–3) |