Table 3 Daily Vegetables and Fruit intakes, Nutrient Intakes and Diet Quality for Parents

n

26

20

23

44

34

30

V/F and DP intakes

 V/F, servings

5.1 ± 2.2

5.2 ± 2.6

5.0 ± 2.2

5.9 ± 3.3

6.4 ± 2.6

6.3 ± 3.5

0.7 (− 1.7, 3.0)

1.3 (− 1.2, 3.7)

1.0 (− 1.6, 3.6)

0.19

0.87

0.66

 Juice, servings

0.7 ± 0.9

0.7 ± 1.1

0.5 ± 0.8

0.4 ± 0.9

1.1 ± 1.2^†

0.7 ± 1.3

− 0.3 (− 0.9, 0.4)

0.3 (− 0.6, 1.3)

0.2 (− 0.6, 1.1)

0.69

0.16

0.02

Nutrient intakes and diet quality

 Energy, kcal

2424.1 ± 754.7

2012.0 ± 778.8^†

2088.1 ± 603.9^†

2097.5 ± 503.9

2049.5 ± 631.8

2083.4 ± 578.8

−91.9 (− 384.4, 200.6)

282.2 (− 50.0, 614.4)

194.8 (− 130.2, 519.9)

0.09

0.0005

0.02

 Carbohydrate, g

268.7 ± 81.9

226.3 ± 84.2^†

235.2 ± 54.3^†

245.4 ± 66.7

246.6 ± 81.2

246.0 ± 54.9

0.7 (− 40.4, 41.8)

45.3 (− 0.6, 91.3)

30.3 (− 14.8, 75.4)

0.03

0.005

0.03

 Carbohydrate, %

44.9 ± 8.0

45.3 ± 5.1

46.1 ± 8.6

48.9 ± 7.3

48.3 ± 6.0

48.2 ± 6.8

1.7 (− 4.2, 7.5)

2.4 (− 2.7, 7.6)

2.0 (− 4.7, 8.8)

0.24

0.51

0.89

 Total sugars, g

101.1 ± 45.7

86.7 ± 36.6

87.9 ± 38.3

84.8 ± 33.5

96.0 ± 39.6

91.3 ± 25.9

− 8.6 (− 34.7, 17.6)

19.9 (− 8.7, 48.5)

14.9 (− 13.3, 43.1)

0.27

0.35

0.006

 Fat, g

96.4 ± 37.3

77.6 ± 32.4

78.6 ± 33.2

78.8 ± 26.7

71.2 ± 28.4

76.4 ± 37.7

− 5.1 (− 18.3, 8.2)

7.2 (− 11.9, 26.2)

6.8 (− 21.0, 34.7)

0.58

0.0003

0.16

 Fat, %

35.5 ± 6.0

34.4 ± 3.8

33.3 ± 5.9

33.6 ± 6.1

30.7 ± 5.1

31.7 ± 7.2

− 1.6 (− 6.2, 2.9)

−3.0 (− 8.0, 2.0)

−1.6 (− 6.5, 3.4)

0.14

0.02

0.64

 Saturated Fat, g

31.5 ± 14.5

26.8 ± 12.3

24.7 ± 11.0^†

24.4 ± 8.5

23.6 ± 10.6

25.4 ± 11.6

−3.8 (− 11.1, 3.5)

0.7 (− 7.3, 8.8)

3.8 (− 4.1, 11.8)

0.90

0.03

0.03

 Protein, g

104.9 ± 37.5

94.1 ± 36.5

90.2 ± 32.1^†

87.6 ± 23.1

94.1 ± 28.3

90.0 ± 26.1

−7.8 (− 26.3, 10.6)

9.8 (− 10.6, 30.3)

6.2 (− 13.8, 29.3)

0.61

0.07

0.03

 Protein, %

17.5 ± 3.7

19.1 ± 4.1

17.4 ± 3.8

16.9 ± 3.4

18.7 ± 3.4

17.5 ± 3.4

− 0.9 (− 4.0, 2.1)

−0.9 (− 4.2, 2.4)

−0.5 (− 3.8, 2.8)

0.44

< 0.0001

0.87

 Fiber, g

23.3 ± 9.3

21.0 ± 9.4

22.3 ± 9.3

24.0 ± 11.7

23.1 ± 12.2

23.8 ± 11.0

2.6 (− 5.8, 10.9)

5.1 (− 3.8, 13.9)

2.4 (− 6.3, 11.9)

0.22

0.03

0.45

 Potassium, mg

3275.1 ± 1049.6

3068 ± 1241.8

2973.1 ± 900.2

3139.8 ± 1078.2

3328.1 ± 1295

3212.9 ± 1189.2

173.0 (− 458.1, 804.1)

673.4 (− 209.6, 1556.4)

500.2 (− 305.4, 1305.9)

0.047

0.14

0.19

 Magnesium, mg

371.1 ± 139.9

327.9 ± 138.4

356.7 ± 138.5

363.7 ± 121.7

335 ± 149.5

347.3 ± 141.7

23.4 (− 70.9, 117.7)

54.2 (− 45.7, 154.1)

19.8 (− 79.0, 118.7)

0.29

0.007

0.36

 Calcium, mg

998.9 ± 430.9

954.7 ± 452.0

793.5 ± 317.2

901.5 ± 254.9

1103.8 ± 468.9

961.1 ± 442.7

−5.7 (− 228.3, 216.8)

277.6 (− 80.7, 635.9)

282.5 (− 2.9, 567.1)

0.01

0.04

0.02

 Vitamin C, mg

120.3 ± 47.4

129.2 ± 71.7

120.7 ± 77.6

139.6 ± 87.1

167.5 ± 81.3

138.2 ± 91.7

20.9 (− 39.0, 80.7)

37.3 (− 29.0, 103.5)

13.2 (− 52.3, 78.7)

0.17

0.34

0.60

 NRF 9.3

46.1 ± 9.3

49.5 ± 9.6

47.7 ± 11.4

48.6 ± 8.0

50.0 ± 8.7

48.9 ± 8.4

0.7 (− 7.1, 8.6)

− 0.3 (− 8.6, 8.0)

−0.6 (− 8.8, 7.7)

0.98

0.15

0.79