Table 10 Mean energy and nutrient intakes at breakfast of Elderly by NRF 9.3 Score in

Energy (kcal)

352.3 ± 2.8

267 ± 4.2

413.7 ± 5

386.5 ± 4.6

 < 0.001⁺

Macronutrients

 Total Protein (g)

10.8 ± 0.1

6 ± 0.1

12.7 ± 0.2

14.1 ± 0.2

 < 0.001⁺

 Total Carbohydrate (g)

63.7 ± 0.5

49.9 ± 0.7

73.9 ± 0.9

68.9 ± 0.8

 < 0.001⁺

 Total Fat (g)

6.1 ± 0.1

4.8 ± 0.2

7.4 ± 0.2

5.9 ± 0.2

 < 0.001⁺

 Saturated Fat (g)

2.5 ± 0.05

1.9 ± 0.1

3 ± 0.1

2.3 ± 0.1

 < 0.001⁺

 MUFA (g)

2 ± 0.04

1.2 ± 0.05

2 ± 0.1

1.7 ± 0.1

 < 0.001⁺

 PUFA (g)

1 ± 0.02

0.9 ± 0.03

1.2 ± 0.03

1 ± 0.02

 < 0.001⁺

 Total Fiber (g)

1.7 ± 0.02

1 ± 0.02

1.7 ± 0.03

2.6 ± 0.05

 < 0.001⁺

 Total Sugar (g)

11.2 ± 0.1

13.4 ± 0.2

10.1 ± 0.2

9.4 ± 0.2

 < 0.001⁻

Vitamins and Minerals

 Thiamin (mg)

0.16 ± 0.002

0.1 ± 0.002

0.16 ± 0.003

0.22 ± 0.005

 < 0.001⁺

 Riboflavin(mg)

0.19 ± 0.003

0.1 ± 0.002

0.21 ± 0.004

0.24 ± 0.005

 < 0.001⁺

 Niacin (mg)

3.8 ± 0.04

2.5 ± 0.04

4.1 ± 0.1

4.8 ± 0.1

 < 0.001⁺

 Vitamin C (mg)

4 ± 0.2

0.2 ± 0.03

1.7 ± 0.1

9.1 ± 0.3

 < 0.001⁺

 Vitamin A

76.5 ± 3.1

15.2 ± 0.9

65.3 ± 1.7

122.5 ± 2.8

 < 0.001⁺

 Vitamin D

0.7 ± 0.02

0.1 ± 0.01

0.6 ± 0.02

1.3 ± 0.04

 < 0.001⁺

 Calcium (mg)

87.8 ± 1.6

35.9 ± 1

90.9 ± 2.2

133.6 ± 2.6

 < 0.001⁺

 Phosphorus (mg)

169.5 ± 1.8

81 ± 1.7

198.6 ± 2.6

236.4 ± 3.3

 < 0.001⁺

 Iron (mg)

1.9 ± 0.02

1.2 ± 0.03

1.9 ± 0.03

2.5 ± 0.05

 < 0.001⁺

 Magnesium

33.7 ± 0.4

15.2 ± 0.3

34.4 ± 0.5

52.2 ± 0.7

 < 0.001⁺

 Potassium

284.2 ± 3.1

192.8 ± 2.8

268.6 ± 3.8

394.2 ± 6.7

 < 0.001⁺

 Sodium (mg)

232.4 ± 5

264 ± 8

255.8 ± 8.3

159.6 ± 5.8

 < 0.001⁺

Non-essential nutrient

 Cholesterol

34 ± 0.9

13.4 ± 0.9

47.3 ± 1.8

41.9 ± 1.7

 < 0.001⁺