Table 2 Participants’ characteristics and differences of fruit and vegetable contribution to total diet across characteristics (n = 193)
Variables | All participants Mean(SD) or n | Vegetable a | Fruit b | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low contribution | High contribution | χ2/t | P | Low contribution | High contribution | χ2/t | P | ||
Mean (SD) or n (%) | Mean (SD) or n (%) | ||||||||
Child’s age | 2.4(0.7) | 2.5(0.7) | 2.4(0.7) | 0.951 | 0.343 | 2.3(0.7) | 2.6(0.7) | −3.022 | 0.003 |
Child’s weight (kg) | 14.0(2.7) | 14.0(2.5) | 14.0(3.0) | 0.251 | 0.802 | 13.5(2.4) | 14.8(2.9) | −3.008 | 0.003 |
Child’s gender | |||||||||
Male | 106 | 62(51.2) | 44(61.1) | 1.777 | 0.183 | 64(57.1) | 42(51.9) | 0.532 | 0.466 |
Female | 87 | 59(48.8) | 28(38.9) | 48(42.9) | 39(48.1) | ||||
Mother’s age at time of childbirth | |||||||||
15–24 years old | 17 | 13(10.7) | 4(5.6) | 2.908 | 0.234 | 12(10.7) | 5(6.2) | 2.881 | 0.237 |
25–34 years old | 123 | 72(59.5) | 51(70.8) | 66(58.9) | 57(70.4) | ||||
> 34 years old | 53 | 36(29.8) | 17(23.6) | 34(30.4) | 19(23.5) | ||||
Maternal marital status | |||||||||
Married | 151 | 94(77.7) | 57(79.2) | 0.058 | 0.809 | 84(75.0) | 67(82.7) | 1.644 | 0.200 |
Single/divorced/widow | 42 | 27(22.3) | 15(20.8) | 28(25.0) | 14(17.3) | ||||
Maternal education | |||||||||
Primary/Secondary level | 54 | 36(29.8) | 18(25.0) | 0.704 | 0.703 | 34(30.4) | 20(24.7) | 2.319 | 0.314 |
Vocational/training course | 56 | 33(27.3) | 23(31.9) | 35(31.3) | 21(25.9) | ||||
Third level including post graduate | 83 | 52(43.0) | 31(43.1) | 43(38.4) | 40(49.4) | ||||
Maternal occupation | |||||||||
Professional/Managerial/Technical Workers | 74 | 48(39.7) | 26(36.1) | 2.121 | 0.548 | 40(35.7) | 34(42.0) | 4.539 | 0.209 |
Non-Manual | 52 | 35(28.9) | 17(23.6) | 36(32.1) | 16(19.8) | ||||
Skilled Manual/Semi-Skilled | 18 | 9(7.4) | 9(12.5) | 8(7.1) | 10(12.3) | ||||
Students/Unemployed/Housewife | 49 | 29(24.0) | 20(27.8) | 28(25.0) | 21(25.9) | ||||
Maternal birthplace | |||||||||
Republic of Ireland | 167 | 104(86.0) | 63(87.5) | 0.093 | 0.760 | 99(88.4) | 68(84.0) | 0.796 | 0.372 |
Countries outside Ireland | 26 | 17(14.0) | 9(12.5) | 13(11.6) | 13(16.0) | ||||
Accommodation | |||||||||
Home/Apartment owners | 161 | 101(83.5) | 60(83.3) | 0.001 | 0.980 | 95(84.8) | 66(81.5) | 0.379 | 0.538 |
Non-home owners | 32 | 20(16.5) | 12(16.7) | 17(15.2) | 15(18.5) | ||||
Health insurance status | |||||||||
Public | 84 | 60(49.6) | 24(33.3) | 4.864 | 0.088 | 50(44.6) | 34(42.0) | 4.947 | 0.084 |
Semi-private | 71 | 40(33.1) | 31(43.1) | 35(31.3) | 36(44.4) | ||||
Private | 38 | 21(17.4) | 17(23.6) | 27(24.1) | 11(13.6) | ||||
Type of delivery | |||||||||
Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery | 139 | 89(73.6) | 50(69.4) | 0.378 | 0.539 | 80(71.4) | 59(72.8) | 0.046 | 0.829 |
Caesarean Section | 54 | 32(26.4) | 22(30.6) | 32(28.6) | 22(27.2) | ||||