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Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of NutriNet-Santé participants according to sex (N = 20,231)

From: Dietary macronutrient intake according to sex and trait anxiety level among non-diabetic adults: a cross-sectional study

 

Full sample

Males

Females

P-value1

N = 20,231

n = 5,198

n = 15,033

T-STAI scorea, mean (SD)

37.92 (10.03)

34.83 (9.30)

38.98 (10.05)

 < 0.0001

Age, years, mean (SD)

53.68 (13.63)

58.48 (13.07)

52.02 (13.43)

 < 0.0001

Age category

 18–34 y

2,358 (11.66)

312 (6.00)

2,046 (13.61)

 < 0.0001

 35–54 y

7,109 (35.14)

1,406 (27.05)

5,703 (37.94)

 

 55–64 y

5,472 (27.05)

1,286 (24.74)

4,186 (27.85)

 

  ≥ 65 y

5,292 (26.16)

2,194 (42.21)

3,098 (20.61)

 

Educational level

 Less than high school

2,908 (14.37)

916 (17.62)

1,992 (13.25)

 < 0.0001

 High school diploma or equivalent

3,586 (17.73)

958 (18.43)

2,628 (17.48)

 

 College, under graduate degree

5,461 (26.99)

1,126 (21.66)

4,335 (28.84)

 

 Graduate degree

6,988 (34.54)

2,049 (39.42)

4,939 (32.85)

 

 Not reported

1,288 (6.37)

149 (2.87)

1,139 (7.58)

 

Socio-professional category

 Homemaker/ disabled/ unemployed/ student/ trainee

2,255 (11.15)

236 (4.54)

2,019 (13.43)

 < 0.0001

 Manual/ blue collar/ office work/ administrative staff

6,726 (33.25)

1,055 (20.30)

5,671 (37.72)

 

 Professional/ executive staff

4,714 (23.30)

1,372 (26.39)

3,342 (22.23)

 

 Retired

6,536 (32.31)

2,535 (48.77)

4,001 (26.61)

 

Marital status

 Living alone (single, divorced, widowed)

4,827 (23.86)

881 (16.95)

3,946 (26.25)

 < 0.0001

 Married/ cohabiting

15,404 (76.14)

4,317 (83.05)

11,087 (73.75)

 

Physical activityb

 Low

3,588 (17.74)

824 (15.85)

2,764 (18.39)

 < 0.0001

 Moderate

7,541 (37.27)

1,734 (33.36)

5,807 (38.63)

 

 High

6,589 (32.57)

2,117 (40.73)

4,472 (29.75)

 

 Not reported

2,513 (12.42)

523 (10.06)

1,990 (13.24)

 

Body Mass Index (BMI, kg/m2), mean (SD)

23.59 (3.86)

24.72 (3.21)

23.20 (3.99)

 < 0.0001

BMI category

 Underweight (< 18.5)

917 (4.53)

47 (0.90)

870 (5.79)

 < 0.0001

 Normal weight (18.5–24.9)

13,401 (66.24)

2,999 (57.70)

10,402 (69.19)

 

 Overweight (25.0–29.9)

4,693 (23.20)

1,854 (35.67)

2,839 (18.89)

 

 Obese (≥ 30)

1,220 (6.03)

298 (5.73)

922 (6.13)

 

Smoking status

 Never smoker

10,234 (50.59)

2,190 (42.13)

8,044 (53.51)

 < 0.0001

 Former smoker

7,867 (38.89)

2,505 (48.19)

5,362 (35.67)

 

 Current smoker

2,130 (10.53)

503 (9.68)

1,627 (10.82)

 

Medication for mental illnessc

 Yes

6,939 (34.30)

1,132 (21.78)

5,807 (38.63)

 < 0.0001

 No

13,292 (65.70)

4,066 (78.22)

9,226 (61.37)

 

Alcohol use, g ethanol/d, mean (SD)

8.48 (11.48)

15.12 (16.03)

6.18 (8.25)

 < 0.0001

Total energy intake, Kcal/d, mean (SD)

1,910.46 (441.47)

2,284.76 (454.38)

1,781.03 (354.55)

 < 0.0001

Number of 24-h dietary records, mean (SD)

7.01 (2.84)

7.39 (2.83)

6.89 (2.83)

 < 0.0001

  1. Values refer to number (%) except when noted otherwise. Values are rounded off to two decimal places
  2. 1P-values obtained from chi-squared tests or Student t tests, as appropriate
  3. aSpielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory (T-STAI), form Y; score range between 20 and 80 points, with higher scores reflecting higher proneness to anxiety
  4. bAssessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form according to established scoring criteria
  5. cAt least one disorder among the following: addiction, Alzheimer’s disease, anorexia nervosa, bipolar disorder, non-migraine headache, migraine, major depression, epilepsy, memory impairment, neuralgia, Parkinson’s disease, sleep disorders, or other mental health condition
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Nutrition Journal

ISSN: 1475-2891

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