Table 3 Association between commensality and general characteristics of depression
| Â | Depression | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Men (n = 5854) | Women (n-8271) | |||
Odds Ratio | 95% CIa | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | |
Commensalityb | ||||
 Eating 3 meals together | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 Eating 2 meals together | 1.15 | (0.90–1.46) | 1.15 | (0.97–1.36) |
 Eating 1 meals together | 1.17 | (0.87–1.56) | 1.36 | (1.13–1.63) |
 Eating no meals together | 1.72 | (1.27–2.34) | 1.58 | (1.28–1.95) |
Household member | ||||
 Alone | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 > 1 | 1.61 | (1.22–2.14) | 0.90 | (0.73–1.01) |
Generation | ||||
 20–29 years old | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 30–49 years old | 0.72 | (0.59–1.01) | 0.66 | (0.52–0.83) |
 50–64 years old | 0.80 | (0.55–1.15) | 0.70 | (0.53–0.91) |
 ≥ 65 years old | 0.54 | (0.37–0.80) | 0.49 | (0.35–0.68) |
Residential area | ||||
 Metropolis | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 City | 0.97 | (0.79–1.19) | 0.99 | (0.86–1.14) |
 Rural area | 0.82 | (0.63–1.07) | 1.17 | (0.98–1.39) |
Household Income | ||||
 Low | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 Medium-low | 0.80 | (0.61–1.03) | 0.62 | (0.52–0.74) |
 Medium-high | 0.51 | (0.37–0.69) | 0.53 | (0.44–0.65) |
 High | 0.63 | (0.47–0.85) | 0.48 | (0.38–0.59) |
Educational Attainment | ||||
 Elementary School | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 Middle School | 0.85 | (0.62–1.17) | 0.85 | (0.68–1.07) |
 High School Diploma | 0.82 | (0.62–1.10) | 0.69 | (0.56–0.85) |
 Bachelor’s Degree or Higher | 0.70 | (0.50–0.98) | 0.56 | (0.42–0.71) |
Occupation | ||||
 White Collar | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 Sales and Services | 1.49 | (1.05–2.13) | 1.23 | (0.96–1.58) |
 Blue Collar | 1.34 | (0.95–1.89) | 1.29 | (0.98–1.69) |
 Unemployed | 1.92 | (1.37–2.69) | 1.36 | (1.10–1.69) |
Chronic Illnesses | ||||
 None | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 1 | 1.38 | (1.08–1.78) | 1.10 | (0.91–1.33) |
 2 or more | 1.43 | (1.10–1.87) | 1.26 | (1.04–1.53) |
Smoking | ||||
 Non-smoker | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 Current smoker | 1.24 | (0.95–1.62) | 2.15 | (1.67–2.76) |
 Past smoker | 1.06 | (0.81–1.38) | 1.30 | (1.00–1.69) |
Drinking | ||||
 Non-drinker | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
 < 1 time per/month | 0.70 | (0.48–1.02) | 1.02 | (0.86–1.22) |
 < 4 times per/month | 0.58 | (0.39–0.84) | 0.99 | (0.81–1.20) |
 2–3 times per week | 0.63 | (0.42–0.93) | 1.06 | (0.80–1.40) |
 ≥ 4 per week | 0.83 | (0.55–1.25) | 1.43 | (0.96–2.13) |