Table 2 Sprouted potato consumption and risks of total NTDs and NTD subtypes
Sprouted potato consumption | Controls (n = 858) | Total NTDs (n = 622) | Anencephaly (n = 281) | Spina bifida (n = 293) | Encephalocele (n = 48) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n(%) | n(%) | OR (95% CI) | n(%) | OR (95% CI) | n(%) | OR (95% CI) | n(%) | OR (95% CI) | |
Crude OR | |||||||||
< 1 meal/week | 737 (85.9) | 512 (82.1) | 1.00 | 229 (81.5) | 1.00 | 243 (83.0) | 1.00 | 38 (79.2) | 1.00 |
1–3 meals/week | 99 (11.5) | 79 (12.7) | 1.15 (0.84–1.58) | 34 (12.1) | 1.11 (0.73–1.68) | 37 (12.6) | 1.13 (0.75–1.69) | 8 (16.7) | 1.57 (0.71–3.46) |
≥ 4 meals/week | 22 (2.6) | 33 (5.3) | 2.16 (1.24–3.75) | 18 (6.4) | 2.63 (1.39–5.00) | 13 (4.4) | 1.79 (0.89–3.60) | 2 (4.2) | 1.76 (0.75–1.69) |
Adjusted OR1a | |||||||||
< 1 meal/week | 737 (85.9) | 512 (82.1) | 1.00 | 229 (81.5) | 1.00 | 243 (83.0) | 1.00 | 38 (79.2) | 1.00 |
1–3 meals/week | 99 (11.5) | 79 (12.7) | 1.28 (0.88–1.87) | 34 (12.1) | 1.22 (0.74–2.02) | 37 (12.6) | 1.23 (0.77–1.97) | 8 (16.7) | 2.13 (0.86–5.27) |
≥ 4 meals/week | 22 (2.6) | 33 (5.3) | 2.22 (1.18–4.18) | 18 (6.4) | 2.42 (1.15–5.11) | 13 (4.4) | 2.03 (0.94–4.39) | 2 (4.2) | 2.22 (0.46–10.79) |
Adjusted OR2b | |||||||||
< 1 meal/week | 737 (85.9) | 512 (82.1) | 1.00 | 229 (81.5) | 1.00 | 243 (83.0) | 1.00 | 38 (79.2) | 1.00 |
1–3 meals/week | 99 (11.5) | 79 (12.7) | 1.11 (0.75–1.63) | 34 (12.1) | 1.06 (0.63–1.78) | 37 (12.6) | 1.23 (0.76–2.00) | 8 (16.7) | 1.82 (0.70–4.73) |
≥ 4 meals/week | 22 (2.6) | 33 (5.3) | 2.20 (1.12–4.32) | 18 (6.4) | 2.48 (1.10–5.58) | 13 (4.4) | 2.17 (0.97–4.85) | 2 (4.2) | 3.18 (0.61–16.65) |
P for trend | 0.009 | 0.011 | 0.117 | 0.203 | |||||