Association between empirically derived dietary patterns with blood lipids, fasting blood glucose and blood pressure in adults - the India migration study

Shridhar, Krithiga; Satija, Ambika; Dhillon, Preet K.; Agrawal, Sutapa; Gupta, Ruby; Bowen, Liza; Kinra, Sanjay; Bharathi, A. V.; Prabhakaran, D.; Srinath Reddy, K.; Ebrahim, Shah

doi:10.1186/s12937-018-0327-0

Table 2 Multivariable-adjusted linear associations^a (beta co-efficient, 95% confidence interval) of major dietary patterns with cardio-metabolic risk factors in the Indian Migration Study participants (N = 7067)

From: Association between empirically derived dietary patterns with blood lipids, fasting blood glucose and blood pressure in adults - the India migration study

Food patterns Tertiles	Total cholesterol mmol/L		LDL-C mmol/L		Triglycerides mmol/L		HDL-C mmol/L		Fasting glucose^b mmol/L		Systolic blood pressure mm/Hg		Diastolic blood pressure mm/Hg
Food patterns Tertiles	Age, sex adjusted	Fully adjusted^a	Age, sex adjusted	Fully adjusted^a	Age, sex adjusted	Fully adjusted^a	Age, sex adjusted	Fully adjusted^a	Age, sex adjusted	Fully adjusted^a	Age, sex adjusted	Fully adjusted^a	Age, sex adjusted	Fully adjusted^a
Cereal savoury food pattern
TI	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
T2	−0.03 (−0.09, 0.03)	−0.05 (− 0.15, 0.04)	0.04 (− 0.01, 0.10)	− 0.03 (− 0.12, 0.05)	0.01 (− 0.02, 0.05)	− 0.009 (− 0.06, 0.04)	− 0.07 (− 0.09, − 0.06)	− 0.01 (− 0.03, 0.01)	−0.37 (− 0.46, − 0.29)	0.007 (− 0.07, 0.08)	1.8 (0.8, 2.7)	0.1 (−1.1,1.3)	1.9 (1.2, 2.5)	− 0.1 (− 0.9, 0.7)
T3	0.12 (0.05, 0.19)	− 0.009 (− 0.13, 0.12)	0.19 (0.13, 0.25)	0.001 (− 0.11, 0.11)	0.09 (0.04, 0.14)	0.01 (− 0.06, 0.1)	−0.10 (− 0.12, − 0.09)	−0.02 (− 0.04, 0.007)	−0.30 (− 0.40,-0.21)	−0.01 (− 0.11, 0.08)	1.3 (0.3, 2.3)	−0.7 (−2.4, 0.9)	2.5 (1.9, 3.2)	− 0.9 (− 1.9, 0.2)
p-trend	0.001	0.946	< 0.0001	0.880	< 0.0001	0.540	< 0.0001	0.153	< 0.0001	0.745	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Fruit-veg-sweet-snack pattern
TI	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
T2	0.06 (−0.002, 0.13)	0.02 (−0.05, 0.1)	0.03 (− 0.03, 0.08)	0.01 (− 0.05, 0.08)	0.03 (− 0.01, 0.07)	0.02 (− 0.02, 0.07)	0.02 (0.008, 0.03)	−0.0001 (− 0.01, 0.01)	0.06 (− 0.01, 0.05)	−0.01 (− 0.08, 0.06)	−0.7 (−1.7, 2.0)	0.3 (− 0.8, 1.3)	−0.2 (− 0.8, 0.5)	−0.6 (− 0.06, 1.3)
T3	0.04 (− 0.02, 0.11)	−0.02 (− 0.11, 0.07)	0.01 (− 0.05, 0.07)	−0.01 (− 0.09, 0.06)	0.02 (− 0.02, 0.06)	−0.02 (− 0.08, 0.03)	0.01 (0.002, 0.03)	−0.005 (− 0.02, 0.01)	0.03 (− 0.11, 0.03)	−0.06 (− 0.14, 0.02)	−0.3(− 1.2, 0.7)	1.2 (− 0.1, 2.5)	−0.02 (− 0.6, 0.6)	1.2 (0.8, 1.2)
p-trend	0.209	0.604	0.715	0.661	0.341	0.472	0.025	0.624	0.331	0.143	0.555	0.067	0.953	0.014
Animal food pattern (Fish-red meat-egg-poultry)
TI	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
T2	0.004 (−0.06, 0.06)	0.01 (−0.05, 0.08)	0.006 (−0.05, 0.06)	0.002 (− 0.05, 0 .06)	0.02 (− 0.01, 0.07)	0.02 (− 0.03, 0.06)	−0.01 (− 0.02, 0.003)	0.006 (− 0.008, 0.02)	−0.08 (− 0.17, − 0.001)	0.01 (− 0.05, 0.07)	1.4 (0.5,2.4)	0.5 (− 0.4, 1.5)	1.0 (0.4, 1.6)	0.2 (− 0.4, 0.8)
T3	0.17 (0.10, 0.24)	0.10 (0.02, 0.17)	0.15 (0.09, 0.1)	0.07 (0.004, 0.14)	0.11 (0.06, 0.16)	0.04 (−0.01, 0.09)	−0.02 (− 0.03, − 0.006)	0.02 (0.004, 0.04)	−0.09 (− 0.18, − 0.009)	0.09 (0.01, 0.16)	2.8 (1.8,3.8)	1.2 (0.1, 2.3)	2.9 (2.3, 3.6)	0.9 (0.2, 1.5)
p-trend	< 0.0001	0.013	< 0.0001	0.041	< 0.0001	0.181	0.005	0.016	0.029	0.021	< 0.001	0.032	< 0.001	0.013

^aRobust standard error adjusted for age (continuous in years), sex (male/female), migration status (rural, urban, urban migrant), site (Lucknow, Nagpur, Hyderabad, Bangalore), SLI (continuous score), education (no formal education, primary school, secondary school and beyond secondary school), BMI (continuous in kg/m²), total energy (continuous in kcal/day), physical activity (continuous in totalMETS), tobacco (never, past, current), alcohol (never, past, current), use of any regular medication for chronic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension and/or food supplements (yes/no), sib-pair
^bAnalysis excluded known diabetics (n = 486)

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