Table 1 The list of 59 food and beverage items comprising the FFQ and their reported frequencies
From: Food consumption patterns of adolescents aged 14–16 years in Kolkata, India
Food items | Frequency a |
|---|---|
Cereals | |
Breakfast cereal | 42 |
Bread/Toast | 49 |
Sandwich | 37 |
Semolina | 5 |
Rice flakes | 5 |
Chapati (Indian bread) | 54 |
Parantha (shallow-fried Indian bread) | 24 |
Luchi/Puri/Kachori (deep-fried Indian bread) | 12 |
Rice | 52 |
Idli (a savoury cake made by steaming a fermented batter of rice and de-husked black lentils) | 9 |
Dosa (a pancake made from a fermented batter of rice and de-husked black lentils) | 5 |
Puffed rice | 24 |
Pulses and Legumes | |
Pulse dish e.g. lentils, green gram pulse | 29 |
Legume dish e.g. red kidney beans | 13 |
Vegetables | |
Potato dish e.g. mashed potato | 45 |
Green leafy vegetable dish e.g. spinach curry | 19 |
Other vegetable dish e.g. stuffed bitter gourd, pumpkin curry, vegetable korma (an aromatic and spicy curry with mixed vegetables), vegetable jhalfarezi (a semi-dry recipe with a mix of vegetables cooked in a tomato based gravy). | 33 |
Fruits | |
Apple | 15 |
Banana | 26 |
Sweet lime | 8 |
Pear | 9 |
Grapes | 5 |
Orange | 5 |
Fruit Juice (Tetrapack/Fresh) | 13 |
Milk and milk products | |
Milk | 49 |
Lassi (a yogurt-based drink) | 13 |
Cottage cheese (paneer) dish e.g. paneer butter masala (cottage cheese cooked in crème sauce), matar paneer (a preparation of peas and cottage cheese in a tomato based sauce) | 28 |
Non-vegetarian food products | |
Boiled egg/omelette | 20 |
Egg dish e.g. egg curry, | 9 |
Chicken dish e.g. chilli chicken | 12 |
Fish dish e.g. fish fry | 14 |
Red meat dish e.g. mutton curry | 5 |
Energy-dense snacks | |
Biscuits/cookies | 14 |
Cake/pastries | 23 |
French fries | 39 |
Pav bhaji (a thick vegetable curry usually prepared in butter and served with a soft bread roll) | 25 |
Samosa (fried triangular-shaped pastry shell with a filling of spiced potatoes, onion, peas, cheese or noodles) | 45 |
Packaged potato chips | 40 |
Pizza | 24 |
Burger | 29 |
Chole bhature (a combination of spicy chick peas and fried breads made of refined wheat flour) | 17 |
Ice cream | 24 |
Ice candy | 9 |
Chocolates | 24 |
Pani puri (fried puff-pastry balls filled with spiced mashed potato, spiced water and tamarind juice) | 39 |
Vegetable roll/wrap | 11 |
Chicken roll/wrap/nuggets | 14 |
Egg roll | 5 |
Momos (a steamed refined wheat flour dumpling filled with meat/vegetables) | 19 |
Indian savoury e.g. bhujia (a crispy deep-fried snack prepared by using gram flour and spices) | 12 |
Popcorn | 33 |
Noodles | 39 |
Energy-dense beverages | |
Tea e.g. black tea, milk tea, Irish tea | 29 |
Coffee e.g. cold coffee, black coffee | 15 |
Health drink e.g. Bournvita, Horlicks (brand name for health drinks) | 44 |
Soft drink e.g. Sprite, Coke, Pepsi | 46 |
Energy drink e.g. Red Bull, Gatorade | 22 |
Hot chocolate | 13 |
Water i.e. Household or school tap water and mineral (bottled) and non-mineral (bottled) water | 54 |