Table 2 Results of vitamin D treatment on biochemical parameters in patients with advanced chronic heart failure (NYHA functional class ≥ II)
Characteristics | Vitamin D group (n = 85) | Placebo group (n = 87) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | Follow-up (36- month) | Mean change from baselinea | Baseline | Follow-up (36- month) | Mean change from baselinea | Mean change difference between groupsa | P-valueb | |
Vitamin D metabolites | ||||||||
25OHD (nmol/l) | 30.7 (22.0–46.6) | 92.1 (65.6–128.0) | 65.6 (55.0 to 76.3) | 34.4 (26.7–45.9) | 40.2 (30.5–57.9) | 9.9 (4.3 to 15.5) | 55.3 (43.5 to 67.1) | < 0.001 |
1,25(OH)2D (pmol/l) | 81.6 (60.8–100.9) | 90.0 (68.3–121.8) | 12.3 (3.1 to 21.4) | 87.7 (65.2–104.8) | 76.1 (60.5–105.1) | −7.8 (−15.5 to 0.0) | 17.1 (6.2 to 27.9) | 0.004 |
Hematological parameters | ||||||||
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 14.2 ± 1.6 | 13.7 ± 1.8 | −0.5 (−0.9 to −0.2) | 14.2 ± 1.5 | 13.8 ± 1.9 | −0.5 (−0.9 to −0.1) | −0.04 (−0.53 to 0.45) | 0.87 |
Hematocrit (%) | 42.2 ± 4.9 | 41.6 ± 5.7 | −0.6 (−1.7 to 0.4) | 42.2 ± 4.2 | 40.9 ± 5.6 | −1.3 (−2.5 to −0.1) | 0.7 (−0.8 to 2.2) | 0.36 |
Leukocytes (109/L) | 8.1 (6.8–9.6) | 8.2 (6.4–9.4) | −0.3 (−0.7 to 0.1) | 7.7 (6.2–9.6) | 7.2 (5.7–9.2) | −0.3 (−0.8 to 0.2) | 0.2 (−0.4 to 0.7) | 0.60 |
Erythrocytes (1012/L) | 4.7 (4.4–5.0) | 4.7 (4.3–5.1) | 0.0 (−0.1 to 0.1) | 4.6 (4.3–4.9) | 4.6 (4.1–5.0) | −0.5 (−1.5 to 0.5) | 0.15 (−0.04 to 0.33) | 0.10 |
MCV (μm3) | 90.6 (88.1–93.4) | 88.7 (84.8–94.0) | −1.6 (−3.0 to −0.2) | 92.9 (90.1–95.6) | 90.6 (87.1–93.1) | −1.9 (−3.6 to 0.1) | 0.5 (−2.4 to 1.4) | 0.33 |
MCH (pg Hb/red blood cell) | 30.7 ± 2.0 | 29.4 ± 2.7 | −1.3 (−1.7 to 0.8) | 31.2 ± 2.5 | 30.3 ± 2.2 | −0.9 (−1.4 to 0.4) | 0.6 (−1.3 to 0.0) | 0.05 |
MCHC (g/L) | 33.6 (33.0–34.8) | 32.9 (31.9–34.9) | −0.8 (−1.2 to −0.4) | 33.9 (33.0–34.7) | 33.7 (32.8–34.5) | −0.0 (−0.4 to 0.4) | −0.7 (−1.2 to −0.3) | 0.001 |
RDW (%) | 12.7 (11.9–13.5) | 13.8 (12.5–15.0) | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.4) | 12.5 (11.9–13.2) | 13.0 (12.4–14.5) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.2) | 0.2 (−0.3 to 0.8) | 0.37 |
Additional parameters | ||||||||
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 71.7 ± 22.5 | 61.9 ± 25.3 | −9.7 (−13.7 to 5.8) | 75.8 ± 23.4 | 69.9 ± 26.0 | −5.9 (−10.0 to −1.8) | −4.7 (−10.2 to 0.8) | 0.09 |
CRP (mg/dL) | 0.24 (0.10–0.69) | 0.27 (0.14–0.73) | 0.04 (−0.12 to 0.19) | 0.21 (0.09–0.40) | 0.23 (0.11–0.57) | 0.02 (0.0 to 0.03) | −0.08 (−0.29 to 0.13) | 0.86 |
Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.39 (2.37 to 2.39) | 2.47 (2.46 to 2.48) | 0.08 (0.05 to 0.11) | 2.38 (2.37 to 2.39) | 2.41 (2.40 to 2.42) | 0.03 (0.00 to 0.06) | 0.05 (0.01 to 0.10) | 0.001 |