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Table 3 Adjusted analysis between BMI and WC according to birth weight and social mobility, 1978/79 Ribeirão Preto Birth Cohort

From: Gender and social mobility modify the effect of birth weight on total and central obesity

Social Mobility

Gender

Birth weight

P*

P**

P***

P****

BMI (kg/m2)

Mean (IC 95%)†

    
 

≥2500 g (n = 1532)

<2500 g (n = 86)

    

High-High (n = 471)

Males

Females

25.4 [24.8-26.0]A

22.5 [21.9-23.1]a,B

26.1 [22.4-29.8]

24.3 [21.4-27.1]ab

0.125

0.277

0.017

0.044

Low-High (n = 931)

Males

Females

25.1 [24.7-25.6]A

23.9 [23.5-24.4]b,B,α

24.6 [22.2-27.0]A

21.6 [20.0-23.2]a,B,γ

Low-Low (n = 216)

Males

Females

26.1 [25.2-27.0]

25.1 [24.1-26.0]b

24.1 [21.7-26.5]

27.5 [24.8-30.2]b

WC (cm)

 

Mean (IC 95%)†

    
  

≥2500 g (n = 1536)

<2500 g (n = 86)

    

High-High (n = 471)

Males

Females

88.4 [86.8-89.9]A

74.1 [72.6-75.7]a,B

89.6 [80.4-98.7]A

76.8 [69.7-83.9]ab,B

0.311

0.285

0.009

0.035

Low-High (n = 933)

Males

Females

87.9 [86.8-89.1]A

77.3 [76.2-78.5]b,B,α

86.9 [80.9-92.9]A

72.2 [68.2-76.2]a,B,γ

Low-Low (n = 218)

Males

Females

90.2 [88.0-92.5]A

80.4 [78.0-82.7]b,B

84.1 [78.1-90.1]

86.0 [79.2-92.7]b

  1. P refers to Analysis of Covariance Models (ANCOVA) (Bonferroni post hoc pairwise comparison)
  2. Model adjusted for: smoking during pregnancy, type of delivery, gestational age (39.3 weeks)
  3. †Value expressed as mean and 95% confidence interval
  4. Different small letters denote statistically significant differences according to gender and birth weight and by social mobility (P < 0.05)
  5. Different capital letters denote statistically significant differences according to social mobility and birth weight and by gender (P < 0.05)
  6. Different Greek letters denote statistically significant differences according to social mobility and gender and by birth weight (P < 0.05)
  7. *P: outcomes vs. interaction between social mobility and birth weight
  8. **P: outcomes vs. interaction between gender and birth weight
  9. ***P: outcomes vs. interaction between social mobility and gender
  10. ****P: outcomes vs. interaction between social mobility, birth weight and gender
  11. BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference
  12. Bold text: Significant differences between groups (P < 0.05)