A dietary cholesterol challenge study to assess Chlorella supplementation in maintaining healthy lipid levels in adults: a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study

Table 2 Mean daily intakes of selected nutrients at baseline and during the 4-week intervention

Nutrients	Placebo group (n = 17)		Chlorella group (n = 17)		P-value^a
Nutrients	Week 0	Week 4	Week 0	Week 4	Group	Time	Group x time
Energy, kcal/d	1558 ± 124	1505 ± 92	1511 ± 111	1485 ± 81	0.800	0.642	0.860
Carbohydrate, g/d	204.0 ± 16.6	185.6 ± 13.7	214.7 ± 15.3	186.0 ± 11.7	0.734	0.033	0.680
Protein, g/d	63.0 ± 5.5	65.3 ± 3.2	56.2 ± 7.3	64.9 ± 3.8	0.400	0.065	0.394
Fat, g/d	52.7 ± 5.1	55.3 ± 3.3	46.2 ± 3.5	50.5 ± 2.5	0.189	0.338	0.815
SFA, g/d	8.2 ± 1.1	9.5 ± 1.1	7.4 ± 1.2	9.6 ± 0.8	0.723	0.071	0.643
PUFA, g/d	5.8 ± 0.7	6.5 ± 0.8	6.4 ± 0.9	6.4 ± 0.5	0.664	0.194	0.810
Cholesterol, mg/d	323.5 ± 54.5	725.9 ± 17.5	219.1 ± 32.2	754.1 ± 25.7	0.312	< 0.001	0.220
Dietary fibers, g/d	12.7 ± 1.3	12.6 ± 1.1	11.3 ± 1.1	11.9 ± 0.6	0.665	0.316	0.568
β-carotene, mg/d	2.2 ± 0.4	1.7 ± 0.3	1.9 ± 0.4	2.6 ± 0.2	0.266	0.302	0.010

Values are the means ± SEMs. Intakes were estimated from 3-day dietary records using CAN-pro (Korean Nutrition Society, Seoul, Korea). Egg, Chlorella and placebo intakes were included in the analysis. SFA saturated fatty acids, PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acids
^aMixed-effects ANOVA model, with group and time as fixed effects factors and subject as random effect factor

ISSN: 1475-2891