Table 2 Biochemical indices, self-reported anxiety levels¹ at baseline and after coffee consumption in healthy volunteers in non-stressful conditions (n = 40)

 Baseline

0.31^a ± 0.03

0.32^a ± 0.02

0.32^a ± 0.03

0.30^a ± 0.02

NS

 60 min

0.24^b ± 0.02

0.22^b ± 0.01

0.25^b ± 0.02

0.23^b ± 0.02

NS

 120 min

0.23^bc ± 0.02

0.20^bc ± 0.01

0.20^bc ± 0.02

0.21^b ± 0.02

NS

 180 min

0.19^c ± 0.01

0.17^c ± 0.01

0.17^c ± 0.01

0.18^b ± 0.01

NS

 P^{B 3}

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

 iAUC

11.25 ± 1.35

11.10 ± 1.10

13.41 ± 1.46

11.25 ± 0.98

NS

 Baseline

46.53^a ± 4.76

49.07^a ± 5.44

49.07^a ± 5.04

52.69^a ± 6.17

NS

 15 min

58.93^aΑΒ ± 7.05

49.50^aΑ ± 5.23

70.27^bΒ ± 8.97

53.63^aΑΒ ± 5.94

0.030

 30 min

94.50^bAB ± 10.94

74.81^bA ± 7.76

100.44^cB ± 11.19

83.41^bAB ± 8.67

0.024

 60 min

103.54^bB ± 10.49

80.45^bA ± 8.77

97.35^cAB ± 10.44

86.61^bAB ± 8.91

0.034

 P^B

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

 iAUC

1019.29^ab ± 139.47

675.75^a ± 83.89

1214.79^b ± 167.35

772.67^a ± 89.74

<0.001

 Baseline

6.93^a ± 1.72

10.54^a ± 1.82

9.12^a ± 2.18

5.17^a ± 1.03

NS

 15 min

51.18^c ± 5.36

47.53^b ± 5.93

60.33^b ± 10.40

62.95^c ± 8.98

NS

 30 min

27.34^b ± 4.30

16.06^a ± 2.75

21.67^a ± 5.61

21.10^b ± 3.44

NS

 60 min

10.46^a ± 3.19

7.74^a ± 1.88

12.64^a ± 3.43

6.45^ab ± 1.35

NS

 P^B

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

 iAUC

994.66 ± 74.03

730.16 ± 75.34

1377.81 ± 190.70

1251.22 ± 148.86

NS

 Baseline

28.6 ± 0.7

28.9 ± 0.7

28.3 ± 0.6

27.8 ± 0.7

NS

 15 min

28.8 ± 0.6

28.8 ± 0.7

28.8 ± 0.7

27.6 ± 0.6

NS

 30 min

29.5 ± 0.7

28.5 ± 0.6

29.2 ± 0.7

27.9 ± 0.6

NS

 60 min

29.0 ± 0.6

28.8 ± 0.6

28.9 ± 0.6

28.1 ± 0.6

NS

 P^B

NS

NS

NS

NS