Tree Nut consumption is associated with better adiposity measures and cardiovascular and metabolic syndrome health risk factors in U.S. Adults: NHANES 2005–2010

Table 2 The association of consuming tree nuts with physiologic measures in adults participating in the 2005–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Variable	Number	Tree Nut Consumers LS Mean ± SE	Non-Tree Nut Consumers LS Mean ± SE	p
LDL-C (mg/dL)^a	6480	115.5 ± 2.4	115.8 ± 0.6	0.902
HDL-C (mg/dL)^a	13,666	54.4 ± 0.6*	52.9 ± 0.3*	0.022
Triglycerides (mg/dL)^b	6621	127.4 ± 6.5	134.1 ± 1.9	0.344
Glucose (mg/dL)^c	6662	102.1 ± 1.2	104.3 ± 0.4	0.061
Insulin (uU/mL)	6581	11.3 ± 0.5	12.1 ± 0.2	0.125
HOMA-IR	6568	3.0 ± 0.1*	3.3 ± 0.1*	0.043
CRP (mg/dL)^d	13,709	0.4 ± 0.04	0.4 ± 0.01	0.276

Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index, WC = waist circumference, BP = blood pressure, LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA-IR = Homeostatic Model of Assessment - Insulin Resistance, CRP = C-reactive protein
Covariates: Gender, Ethnicity, Age, Poverty Index Ratio, Physical Activity Level (sedentary, moderate, active), Current Smoker Status, Alcohol, and BMI
^aTo convert mg/dL to mmol/L divide by 38.67
^bTo convert mg/dL to mmol/L divide by 38.67
^cTo convert mg/dL to mmol/L multiply by 0.055
^dTo convert mg/dL to mmol/L multiply by 9.524
*Significantly Different

ISSN: 1475-2891