Table 3 Validation study: median daily intakes of food and nutrients based on the average of two FFQs and the average of three 24-h recalls; Pearson correlation coefficients between FFQs and 24-h recalls completed by 123 pregnant Chinese women, January 2013 to April 2014

Food groups

Cereals (g/day)

186(158 -212)

200(150-240)^#

93

0.36

0.32

0.37

<0.01

Meats (g/day)

31(14-50)

48(18-78)^##

65

0.47

0.31

0.41

<0.01

Fish (g/day)

25(13-43)

25(0-64)

100

0.42

0.27

0.38

<0.01

Eggs (g/day)

39(29-50)

30(20-53)

130

0.35

0.36

0.41

<0.01

Beans (g/day)

8(4-15)

5(0-13)^##

160

0.28

0.30

0.35

<0.01

Vegetables (g/day)

289 (192-423)

275(175-345)^#

105

0.35

0.33

0.39

<0.01

Fruits (g/day)

420(295-560)

300(200-433)^##

140

0.53

0.48

0.56

<0.01

Nuts (g/day)

5(12-20)

9(0-25)

56

0.45

0.37

0.56

<0.01

Milk & milk products (g/day)

170(76-280)

125 (0-240)^##

136

0.45

0.43

0.50

<0.01

Beverages (ml/day)

27(0-86)

0(0-0)^##

---

0.30

0.30

0.38

<0.01

Nutrients

Energy (kca/dayl)

1754.5 (1479.5-2013.0)

1705.5 (1446.5-1999.0)

103

0.54

Protein (g/day)

56.7 (45.2-69.3)

56.8 (47.2-71.2)

100

0.59

0.55

0.63

<0.01

High quality protein (g/day)

26.1 (18.4-34.9)

27.5 (20.1-38.3)

95

0.58

0.48

0.54

<0.01

Fat (g/day)

51.9 (45.2-59.3)

52.8 (42.2-69.0)^#

98

0.50

0.39

0.46

<0.01

Carbohydrate (g/day)

263.9 (221.0-301.2)

243.1 (209.4-284.6)^#

109

0.45

0.36

0.42

<0.01

Dietary fibe (g/day)

15.3 (11.6-20.8)

12.4 (10.4-15.6)^##

123

0.35

0.26

0.31

<0.01

Cholesterol (mg/day)

347.3 (268.1-427.3)

319.8 (207.4-485.2)

109

0.51

0.46

0.54

<0.01

Vitamin A (μg/day)

872.0(655.8.0-1146.0)

556.3 (373.9-746.5)^##

157

0.38

0.18

0.21

0.05

Thiamin (mg/day)

1.0 (0.9-1.2)

0.9 (0.7-1.1)^##

111

0.27

0.21

0.26

0.02

Riboflavin (mg/day)

1.1 (0.9-1.7)

0.9 (0.7-1.1)^##

122

0.36

0.11

0.13

0.21

Vitamin C (mg/day)

164.4 (125.3-204.1)

123.8 (92.6-178.0)^##

133

0.40

0.34

0.39

<0.01

Vitamin E (mg/day)

8.0 (6.1-9.7)

7.2 (5.1-9.2)^#

111

0.35

0.28

0.31

<0.01

Choline (mg/day)

89.0 (68.9-102.8)

75.3 (52.3-104.8)^#

118

0.39

0.40

0.47

<0.01

Niacin (mg/day)

11.8 (9.6-14.5)

11.8 (9.2-14.9)

100

0.54

0.43

0.50

<0.01

Folate (μg/day)

133.6 (94.0-170.1)

98.5 (64.0-144.5)^##

136

0.38

0.27

0.32

<0.01

Calcium (mg/day)

608.4 (472.0-860.9)

503.1 (407.1-643.2)^##

121

0.46

0.37

0.42

<0.01

Phosphorus (mg/day)

941.5 (748.1-1183.8)

930.0 (738.8-1128.2)

101

0.54

0.19

0.22

0.04

Potassium (mg/day)

2481.5 (1799.2-3058.8)

2041.0 (1641.6-2466.5)^##

122

0.49

0.38

0.43

<0.01

Sodium (mg/day)

481.0 (312.0-735.0)

600.3 (359.7-892.6)

80

0.20

0.11

0.13

0.22

Magnesium (mg/day)

297.9 (233.8-380.1)

274.9 (216.1-347.6)^##

108

0.49

0.35

0.41

<0.01

Iron (mg/day)

19.6 (15.3-26.2)

17.8 (14.2-21.1)^##

110

0.34

0.21

0.23

0.02

Zinc (mg/day)

9.5 (7.8-11.5)

9.4 (7.6-11.6)

101

0.33

0.19

0.23

0.03

Selenium (μg/day)

35.4 (27.6-44.5)

35.9 (28.3-54.8)^#

99

0.58

0.51

0.61

<0.01

Copper (mg/day)

2.1 (1.7-2.6)

2.0 (1.6-2.5)

105

0.31

0.21

0.24

0.02

Iodine (μg/day)

15.4 (10.8-23.0)

9.1 (5.0-17.5)^##

169

0.15

0.10

0.11

0.30