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Table 4 Comprehensive metabolic panel data of men (A) and women (B) before and following three weeks of supplementation with Ambrotose AO® at a dosage of 4 capsules per day and placebo (cross-over design with a three week washout between conditions).

From: Effect of Ambrotose AO® on resting and exercise-induced antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress in healthy adults

A

        

Variable

Trained Men Ambrotose AO® Pre

Trained Men Ambrotose AO® Post

Trained Men Placebo Pre

Trained Men Placebo Post

Untrained Men Ambrotose AO® Pre

Untrained Men Ambrotose AO® Post

Untrained Men Placebo Pre

Untrained Men Placebo Post

Glucose (mg·dL-1)**

84.3 ± 3.8

87.0 ± 4.6

87.4 ± 3.6

83.9 ± 2.3

90.4 ± 3.4

95.8 ± 5.4

99.6 ± 9.0

96.2 ± 9.1

BUN (mg·dL-1)†*

16.9 ± 1.9

16.7 ± 1.0

16.7 ± 1.6

17.9 ± 1.8

15.0 ± 2.3

15.8 ± 2.5

14.6 ± 1.0

13.4 ± 1.2

Creatinine (mg·dL-1)†*

1.1 ± 0.0

1.1 ± 0.0

1.2 ± 0.0

1.1 ± 0.0

1.0 ± 0.1

1.0 ± 0.1

1.1 ± 0.1

1.1 ± 0.1

BUN/Creatinine

15.6 ± 2.0

15.4 ± 1.4

14.6 ± 1.3

16.0 ± 1.7

15.4 ± 3.2

16.2 ± 3.7

13.6 ± 1.9

12.2 ± 1.4

Sodium (mmol·L-1)

138.4 ± 0.3

139.9 ± 0.6

139.3 ± 0.6

138.3 ± 0.8

137.2 ± 0.4

137.4 ± 0.6

138.8 ± 1.1

137.6 ± 1.3

Potassium (mmol·L-1)

4.5 ± 0.2

4.3 ± 0.2

4.3 ± 0.2

4.3 ± 0.2

4.4 ± 0.1

4.2 ± 0.1

4.1 ± 0.1

4.3 ± 0.1

Chloride (mmol·L-1)*

102.0 ± 0.4

103.1 ± 0.3

101.7 ± 0.9

101.9 ± 0.5

101.6 ± 0.9

101.6 ± 0.8

102.6 ± 1.4

102.2 ± 1.3

CO2 (mmol·L-1)*

26.7 ± 0.7

26.9 ± 0.6

26.7 ± 0.5

26.4 ± 0.7

26.0 ± 0.7

24.8 ± 0.7

26.2 ± 0.7

25.4 ± 0.5

Calcium (mg·dL-1)*

9.2 ± 0.2

9.3 ± 0.1

9.4 ± 0.1

9.4 ± 0.1

9.4 ± 0.1

9.2 ± 0.1

9.2 ± 0.1

9.3 ± 0.1

Protein (g·dL-1)†*

6.7 ± 0.1

6.6 ± 0.1

6.8 ± 0.1

6.8 ± 0.1

7.0 ± 0.2

6.9 ± 0.2

6.8 ± 0.1

6.7 ± 0.2

Albumin (g·dL-1)

4.3 ± 0.1

4.3 ± 0.1

4.4 ± 0.2

4.3 ± 0.1

4.5 ± 0.1

4.4 ± 0.2

4.3 ± 0.0

4.1 ± 0.1

Globulin (g·dL-1)†*

2.4 ± 0.2

2.4 ± 0.2

2.5 ± 0.2

2.5 ± 0.1

2.5 ± 0.1

2.5 ± 0.1

2.4 ± 0.1

2.6 ± 0.1

A/G Ratio†*

1.8 ± 0.1

1.9 ± 0.2

1.8 ± 0.1

1.7 ± 0.1

1.8 ± 0.1

1.8 ± 0.1

1.8 ± 0.1

1.6 ± 0.1

Bilirubin (mg·dL-1)**

0.7 ± 0.2

0.6 ± 0.2

0.7 ± 0.2

0.5 ± 0.1

0.8 ± 0.1

0.7 ± 0.1

0.8 ± 0.2

0.9 ± 0.2

Alk Phos (IU·L-1)*

71.7 ± 6.7

71.6 ± 6.7

75.3 ± 6.7

73.4 ± 6.2

68.2 ± 9.6

68.0 ± 9.0

69.0 ± 8.9

65.6 ± 10.3

AST (SGOT) (IU·L-1)**

25.6 ± 1.8

24.9 ± 3.4

27.1 ± 2.9

25.0 ± 1.6

25.2 ± 2.9

30.8 ± 3.5

30.6 ± 3.6

30.6 ± 4.3

ALT (SGPT) (IU·L-1)**

23.7 ± 2.1

26.0 ± 3.0

26.4 ± 3.2

27.1 ± 4.4

25.6 ± 7.0

33.2 ± 11.8

39.4 ± 11.9

33.0 ± 7.7

B

        

Variable

Trained Women Ambrotose AO ® Pre

Trained Women Ambrotose AO ® Post

Trained Women Placebo Pre

Trained Women Placebo Post

Untrained Women Ambrotose AO ® Pre

Untrained Women Ambrotose AO ® Post

Untrained Women Placebo Pre

Untrained Women Placebo Post

Glucose (mg·dL-1)**

86.1 ± 3.3

86.7 ± 1.9

88.1 ± 2.5

97.1 ± 10.3

84.6 ± 1.9

84.8 ± 2.5

86.0 ± 1.6

82.8 ± 2.7

BUN (mg·dL-1)†*

14.9 ± 1.9

15.7 ± 1.9

15.6 ± 2.2

17.1 ± 2.2

11.0 ± 1.3

11.2 ± 1.4

12.5 ± 1.9

12.5 ± 2.1

Creatinine (mg·dL-1)†*

1.0 ± 0.0

0.9 ± 0.0

1.0 ± 0.1

0.9 ± 0.1

0.8 ± 0.0

0.8 ± 0.1

0.8 ± 0.1

0.8 ± 0.0

BUN/Creatinine

15.4 ± 2.1

16.6 ± 2.2

16.7 ± 2.7

19.1 ± 2.9

13.7 ± 1.6

14.5 ± 2.3

15.2 ± 2.5

15.3 ± 2.9

Sodium (mmol·L-1)

138.9 ± 0.7

138.4 ± 0.8

139.0 ± 0.9

138.0 ± 0.6

139.3 ± 0.8

138.3 ± 0.9

139.0 ± 0.9

138.3 ± 0.6

Potassium (mmol·L-1)

4.1 ± 0.1

4.1 ± 0.2

4.2 ± 0.1

4.3 ± 0.1

4.3 ± 0.1

4.1 ± 0.1

4.1 ± 0.1

4.4 ± 0.2

Chloride (mmol·L-1)*

103.1 ± 0.5

103.4 ± 0.8

103.6 ± 0.8

103.4 ± 1.0

102.6 ± 1.2

103.0 ± 0.9

103.7 ± 0.6

103.0 ± 0.5

CO2 (mmol·L-1)*

23.7 ± 0.8

24.4 ± 1.2

25.1 ± 1.0

24.4 ± 0.5

24.1 ± 1.1

24.0 ± 0.4

24.0 ± 0.3

24.0 ± 0.4

Calcium (mg·dL-1)*

9.6 ± 0.2

9.5 ± 0.2

9.5 ± 0.1

9.6 ± 0.1

9.4 ± 0.1

9.3 ± 0.1

9.4 ± 0.1

9.5 ± 0.1

Protein (g·dL-1)†*

7.0 ± 0.2

6.7 ± 0.2

6.9 ± 0.1

6.7 ± 0.2

7.1 ± 0.2

7.2 ± 0.1

7.4 ± 0.2

7.4 ± 0.2

Albumin (g·dL-1)

4.5 ± 0.1

4.2 ± 0.1

4.3 ± 0.1

4.2 ± 0.1

4.4 ± 0.1

4.3 ± 0.1

4.5 ± 0.1

4.4 ± 0.1

Globulin (g·dL-1)†*

2.5 ± 0.1

2.5 ± 0.1

2.6 ± 0.1

2.5 ± 0.1

2.8 ± 0.2

2.9 ± 0.1

2.9 ± 0.2

3.0 ± 0.2

A/G Ratio†*

1.8 ± 0.1

1.7 ± 0.0

1.7 ± 0.1

1.7 ± 0.1

1.6 ± 0.1

1.5 ± 0.1

1.6 ± 0.1

1.5 ± 0.1

Bilirubin (mg·dL-1)**

0.6 ± 0.1

0.5 ± 0.1

0.6 ± 0.1

0.7 ± 0.2

0.4 ± 0.1

0.5 ± 0.0

0.4 ± 0.1

0.4 ± 0.1

Alk Phos (IU·L-1)*

55.4 ± 6.5

51.9 ± 5.1

56.0 ± 4.5

49.6 ± 4.6

53.1 ± 6.9

53.7 ± 5.2

56.2 ± 6.8

58.3 ± 7.8

AST (SGOT) (IU·L-1)**

25.4 ± 2.8

29.3 ± 5.8

20.3 ± 2.1

23.3 ± 1.1

19.6 ± 2.5

18.8 ± 1.6

21.3 ± 1.7

23.2 ± 3.2

ALT (SGPT) (IU·L-1)**

22.1 ± 3.1

24.3 ± 4.7

19.9 ± 2.4

19.1 ± 1.5

16.3 ± 3.6

13.7 ± 2.2

14.0 ± 1.2

18.8 ± 3.8

  1. Values are mean ± SEM.
  2. † Training status effect: BUN (p = 0.002); Creatinine (p < 0.0001); Protein (p = 0.001); Globulin (p = 0.003); A/G Ratio (p = 0.04)
  3. * Sex effect: BUN (p = 0.05); Creatinine (p = 0.002); Chloride (p = 0.008); CO2 (p < 0.0001); Calcium (p = 0.03); Protein (p = 0.002); Globulin (p = 0.006); A/G Ratio (p = 0.05); Alk Phos (p < 0.0001)
  4. ** Sex × training status effect: Glucose (p = 0.005); Bilirubin (p = 0.01); AST (p = 0.02); ALT (p = 0.01)
  5. No other statistically significant differences were noted (p > 0.05).
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Nutrition Journal

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