Table 1 Human milk (HM) and developmental outcome in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants: clinical characteristics
From: Human milk and neurodevelopment in children with very low birth weight: a systematic review
Reference | Pinelli et al. [29] | Furman et al. [30] | Tanaka et al. [31] | Horwood et al. [32] | Smith et al. [33] | Johnson et al. [34] | Vohr et al. [35] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Birth weight g | <1500 | 600-1499 | <1500 | <1500 | <1500 | <1000 | <1000 |
Gestation: mean (weeks, SD if available) | HM (29, 3) vs. Control (29, 3). | All subjects (27, 2). | HM (28.7, 3.2); Control (30.7, 1.6). | * | HM (28.7, 2.4) vs. Control (27.8, 2.5). | HM <26 vs. Control (term birth). | HM 26.7 vs. Control 26.2. |
Range of HM intake | >80% vs. <80% | >50 to 0 mL/kg/d | >80% vs. <80% | Breastfeeding at discharge vs. no HM at any stage | VLBW infants: any breast milk vs. none during hospitalization. Control: regardless of HM intake | >80% vs. 0 | |
% small for gestation | NS | 8 | HM 40%; “Control” 62% | * | NS | NS | NS |
% singleton | 100 | 100 | NS | * | 61.5 | NS | NS |
Year/s of birth | NS | Jan 1997-Feb 1999 | 1999-2000 | 1986 | 1991-1993 | Mar-Dec 1995 | Oct 99-Jun 2001 |