Table 7 Multivariable logistic regression analysis (odds ratio with 95% confidence interval) of the relation between types of vegetarian diet and self reported diabetes, in men (n = 56742) and women (n = 99574) aged 20–49 years, NFHS-3 2005-06

Men

Types of vegetarian diet

Non-vegetarian (ref)

1

1

1

Semi-vegetarian

0.47 [0.31-0.72]

<0.001

0.45 [0.29-0.71]

0.001

0.48 [0.32-0.73]

0.001

Pesco-vegetarian

0.78 [0.42-1.44]

0.426

0.80 [0.43-1.50]

0.488

0.77 [0.41-1.43]

0.407

Lacto-ovo vegetarian

0.74 [0.49-1.13]

0.165

0.63 [0.39-1.00]

0.050

0.72 [0.47-1.11]

0.134

Lacto-vegetarian

0.79 [0.64-0.96]

0.020

0.66 [0.52-0.82]

<0.001

0.65 [0.52-0.81]

<0.001

Vegan

0.67 [0.24-1.85]

0.438

0.70 [0.25-1.96]

0.498

0.66 [0.24-1.83]

0.424

Body Mass Index (kg/m²)

≤18.5 kg/m²

0.75 [0.60-0.93]

0.009

0.85 [0.68-1.06]

0.147

-

18.5-22.9 kg/m² (ref)

1

1

-

23.0-24.9 kg/m²

2.29 [1.85-2.83]

<0.001

1.63 [1.30-2.03]

<0.001

-

≥25.0 kg/m²

3.06 [2.53-3.71]

<0.001

1.80 [1.46-2.23]

<0.001

-

Women

Types of vegetarian diet

Non-vegetarian (ref)

1

1

1

Semi-vegetarian

0.92 [0.68-1.23]

0.561

1.09 [0.81-1.47]

0.582

1.03 [0.77-1.39]

0.842

Pesco-vegetarian

1.33 [0.96-1.86]

0.090

1.33 [0.95-1.87]

0.101

1.24 [0.88-1.74]

0.220

Lacto-ovo vegetarian

0.72 [0.47-1.10]

0.128

0.77 [0.50-1.19]

0.238

0.75 [0.49-1.14]

0.176

Lacto-vegetarian

0.78 [0.67-0.90]

0.001

0.70 [0.59-0.82]

<0.001

0.69 [0.59-0.81]

<0.001

Vegan

0.89 [0.58-1.37]

0.606

1.01 [0.65-1.56]

0.984

0.98 [0.64-1.52]

0.931

Body Mass Index (kg/m²)

≤18.5 kg/m²

0.60 [0.49-0.74]

<0.001

0.68 [0.56-0.84]

<0.001

-

18.5-22.9 kg/m² (ref)

1

1

-

23.0-24.9 kg/m²

2.23 [1.83-2.71]

<0.001

1.63 [1.34-2.00]

<0.001

-

≥25.0 kg/m²

4.32 [3.72-5.01]

<0.001

2.44 [2.07-2.87]

<0.001

-