Type of vegetarian diet, obesity and diabetes in adult Indian population

Agrawal, Sutapa; Millett, Christopher J; Dhillon, Preet K; Subramanian, SV; Ebrahim, Shah

doi:10.1186/1475-2891-13-89

Nutrition Journal

Table 3 Percentage distribution of participants by self reported diabetes status and prevalence of diabetes according to non-dietary variables, India NFHS 2005-06

From: Type of vegetarian diet, obesity and diabetes in adult Indian population

Characteristics	Total participants N [%]*	Diabetes cases		χ ²P values	Diabetes prevalence N [%]	χ ²P values
Characteristics	Total participants N [%]*	Reported N [%]	Not reported N [%]	χ ²P values	Diabetes prevalence N [%]	χ ²P values
N [%]	156,317	1,769 [1.1]	154,501 [98.9]
Age				<0.0001		<0.0001
20-29 y	66,038 [42.2]	204 [11.5]	65807 [42.6]		0.3
30-39 y	52,567 [33.6]	520 [29.4]	5203833.7]		1.0
40-49 y	37,711 [24.1]	1045 [59.1]	36656 [23.7]		2.8
Sex				<0.0001		<0.0001
Men	56,742 [36.3]	994 [40.7]	73367 [36.3]		1.3
Women	99,574 [63.7]	1096 [59.3]	123244 [63.7]		0.9
Education^a				<0.0001		<0.0001
No education	56,720 [36.3]	529 [27.3]	63709 [36.4]		0.8
Primary	24,493 [15.7]	350 [17.1]	30593 [15.7]		1.1
Secondary	58,448 [37.4]	909 [42.6]	84284 [37.3]		1.1
Higher and above	16,639 [10.6]	302 [13.0]	18001 [10.6]		1.7
Caste/tribe^b				<0.0001		<0.0001
Scheduled caste	29831 [18.5]	350 [17.2]	36736 [18.5]		0.9
Scheduled tribe	12734 [8.1]	75 [3.1]	16105 [8.2]		0.5
Other backward class	60977 [39.0]	728 [35.3]	77187 [39.0]		0.9
General	48854 [31.3]	840 [39.9]	60489 [31.2]		1.4
Missing caste	4821 [3.1]	90 [4.6]	5450 [3.1]		1.6
Religion^c				<0.0001		<0.0001
Hindu	127375 [81.5]	1616 [77.3]	159511 [81.5]		1.0
Muslim	19781 [12.7]	311 [15.1]	25806 [12.6]		1.2
Christian	3816 [2.4]	86 [4.2]	4657 [2.4]		1.8
Sikh	2845 [1.8]	48 [2.1]	3534 [1.8]		1.3
Others	2500 [1.6]	28 [1.2]	3104 [1.6]		0.8
Wealth quintiles^d				<0.0001		<0.0001
Lowest	26389 [16.9]	171 [8.0]	33269 [17.0]		0.5
Second	28751 [18.4]	270 [13.6]	36780 [18.4]		0.7
Middle	31232 [20.0]	272 [13.1]	39975 [20.1]		0.7
Fourth	33560 [21.5]	490 [24.2]	42082 [21.4]		1.2
Highest	36385 [23.3]	887 [41.0]	44505 [23.1]		2.0
Place of residence				<0.0001		<0.0001
Urban	54134 [34.6]	1068 [50.8]	66879 [34.4]		1.6
Rural	102183 [65.4]	1022 [49.2]	129732 [65.6]		0.8
Body Mass Index (kg/m²)^e				<0.0001		<0.0001
≤18.5 kg/m²	46021 [30.9]	694 [14.6]	85097 [31.1]		0.8
18.5-22.9 kg/m²	67836 [45.5]	295 [33.2]	64754 [45.7]		0.5
23.0-24.9 kg/m²	15089 [10.1]	347 [16.4]	16537 [10.1]		2.1
≥25.0 kg/m²	20050 [13.5]	691 [35.8]	20858 [13.2]		3.2
Current Tobacco smoking				<0.0001		<0.0001
No	133160 [85.2]	1736 [83.7]	170086 [85.2]		1.0
Yes	23156 [14.8]	355 [16.3]	26525 [14.8]		1.3
Alcohol consumption				0.015		<0.0001
Never	133067 [85.1]	1705 [83.3]	170416 [85.1]		1.0
Ever	23250 [14.9]	385 [16.7]	26177 [14.9]		1.4
Frequency of watching TV				<0.0001		<0.0001
Not at all	45916 [29.4]	403 [20.7]	55562 [29.5]		0.7
Less than once a week	21859 [14.0]	232 [10.8]	27442 [14.0]		0.8
At least once a week	20033 [12.8]	257 [12.0]	26059 [12.8]		1.0
Almost everyday	68480 [43.8]	1198 [56.5]	87516 [43.7]		1.4

*Total participants varies slightly for individual variables depending on the number of missing values.
^aEducation: illiterate (0 years of education), literate but less than middle school complete (1–5 years of education), middle school complete (6–8 years of education), high school complete or more (9+ years of education).
^bScheduled castes and scheduled tribes are identified by the Government of India as socially and economically backward and needing protection from social injustice and exploitation. Other backward class is a diverse collection of intermediate castes that were considered low in the traditional caste hierarchy but are clearly above scheduled castes. Others is thus a default residual group that enjoys higher status in the caste hierarchy.
^cOthers include Buddhist, Jain, Jewish, Zoroastrian.
^dThe wealth index is based on following assets in the household: household electrification, type of windows, drinking water source, type of toilet facility, type of flooring, material of exterior walls, type of roofing, house ownership, ownership of a bank or post office account, and ownership of a mattress, a pressure cooker, a chair, a cot/bed, a table, an electric fan, a radio/transistor, a black and white television, a colour television, a sewing machine, a mobile telephone, any other telephone, a computer, a refrigerator, a watch or clock, a bicycle, a motorcycle or scooter, an animal-drawn cart, a car, a water pump, a thresher, and a tractor.
^eWomen who were pregnant at the time of the survey or women who had given birth during the two months preceding the survey were excluded from these measurements.

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ISSN: 1475-2891

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