Dietary supplementation with rice bran fermented with Lentinus edodesincreases interferon-γ activity without causing adverse effects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study

Table 3 Outcome measurements of participants taking either rice bran fermented with Lentinus edodes (RBEP) or placebo ¹

	RBEP (n = 40)			Placebo (n = 37)
	Week 0	Week 4	Week 8	Week 0	Week 4	Week 8
Natural killer cell activity (%)	11.48 ± 7.93	14.44 ± 6.66	14.67 ± 7.62	9.96 ± 6.42	12.50 ± 6.23	15.25 ± 7.97
Interferon-γ (pg/mL)	27.98 ± 15.10	28.48 ± 14.47	35.56 ± 17.66²	26.19 ± 11.61	26.14 ± 11.55	27.04 ± 12.51²
Interleukin-2 (pg/mL)	5.66 ± 7.22	5.63 ± 6.42	4.51 ± 3.99	5.97 ± 11.95	9.04 ± 28.90	4.94 ± 5.73
Interleukin-4 (pg/mL)	0.07 ± 0.06	0.08 ± 0.08	0.08 ± 0.09	0.08 ± 0.12	0.08 ± 0.13	0.08 ± 0.11
Interleukin-10 (pg/mL)	2.63 ± 9.14	3.83 ± 13.10	1.53 ± 5.14	9.30 ± 44.63	9.26 ± 44.14	8.59 ± 43.59
Interleukin-12 (pg/mL)	16.91 ± 62.78	20.55 ± 73.79	9.33 ± 24.32	11.12 ± 36.21	12.77 ± 40.62	10.62 ± 37.61
Tumor necrosis factor-α (pg/mL)	0.66 ± 0.64	0.91 ± 0.88	0.57 ± 0.53	0.57 ± 0.50	0.77 ± 0.65	0.49 ± 0.37

¹Values shown are means ± standard deviation.
² P-values < 0.05 for differences between the RBEP and placebo groups from weeks 0 to 8 were determined using the independent t-test.

ISSN: 1475-2891