Table 2 Baseline and 3-month data of clinical characteristics

Age, years

55.8 (10.4)

-

-

59.0 (11.9)

-

-

Male, % (number)

50% (5)

-

-

50% (4)

-

-

Weight, kg

71.3 (17.0)

67.6 (15.6)

-3.7 (2.5)

0.001

72.9 (9.6)

72.8 (9.7)

-0.1 (1.4)

0.813

0.002

BMI, kg/m²

27.6 (3.8)

26.2 (3.6)

-1.4 (0.8)

<0.001

28.4 (2.4)

28.3 (2.2)

-0.1 (0.5)

0.756

0.001

Waist circumference, cm

93.6 (10.6)

89.3 (11.4)

-4.2 (2.7)

0.001

92.9 (7.9)

93.5 (7.9)

0.6 (1.6)

0.321

<0.001

SBP, mmHg

133.7 (8.4)

119.8 (11.5)

-13.9 (13.6)

0.010

127.1 (8.3)

129.1 (11.3)

2.0 (9.0)

0.549

0.012

DBP, mmHg

79.5 (8.5)

72.1 (10.8)

-7.4 (8.2)

0.019

71.0 (4.5)

74.3 (6.5)

3.3 (5.2)

0.119

0.006

Plasma glucose, mmol/L

7.1 (1.7)

5.9 (1.6)

-1.1 (1.9)

0.089

7.9 (3.1)

6.8 (2.7)

-1.2 (3.8)

0.410

0.981

HbA1c, %

7.6 (1.2)

6.7 (0.8)

-0.9 (0.9)

0.008

8.0 (1.4)

7.3 (1.0)

-0.7 (1.1)

0.112

0.606

Anti-diabetic agents, number

2.5 (0.9)

2.2 (0.8)

-0.3 (0.5)

0.081

3.3 (0.9)

3.3 (0.9)

0.0 (0.0)

1.000

0.153

Total cholesterol, mmol/L

4.47 (0.88)

4.55 (0.80)

0.07 (16.2)

0.623

4.81 (0.78)

4.81 (0.57)

-0.02 (0.53)

0.935

0.732

LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L

2.64 (0.65)

2.77 (0.62)

0.12 (0.43)

0.408

2.87 (0.65)

2.77 (0.65)

-0.10 (0.36)

0.509

0.285

HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L

1.29 (0.36)

1.37 (0.36)

0.09 (0.12)

0.056

1.45 (0.39)

1.50 (0.36)

0.04 (0.13)

0.407

0.462

Triglycerides, mmol/L

1.19 (0.55)

0.88 (0.29)

-0.30 (0.38)

0.036

1.16 (0.73)

1.37 (0.75)

0.20 (0.45)

0.255

0.028

Serum creatinine, mmol/L

61.0 (15.9)

62.8 (15.0)

2.7 (2.7)

0.035

60.1 (15.9)

58.3 (16.8)

-1.8 (7.1)

0.475

0.151

eGFR, Unit

86 (23)

81 (19)

-4.6 (6.8)

0.061

85 (25)

85 (22)

0.4 (9.8)

0.914

0.220

AST, U/L

38 (28)

28 (13)

-9.4 (18.8)

0.149

25 (11)

23 (8)

-1.25 (4.7)

0.480

0.216

ALT, U/L

56 (51)

36 (23)

-19.6 (32.8)

0.091

32 (25)

32 (28)

0.3 (7.3)

0.926

0.092

γGT, U/L

35 (18)

31 (31)

-3.4 (26.0)

0.688

36 (15)

35 (15)

-1.5 (2.1)

0.080

0.840