Table 4 Metabolic parameters at the end of the 6 month low and high dairy phases
Variable | Endpoint | % change | Endpoint | % change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | LD1 | LD2 | HD1 | HD2 |
Body weight (kg) | 86.2 ± 8.6 | 2.1 ± 1.2 | 87.0 ± 8.2 | 2.4 ± 1.3 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 100.7 ± 13.3 | 1.0 ± 2.3 | 98.2 ± 7.3 | 1.2 ± 2.2 |
Total body fat (%) | 45.4 ± 9.4 | 1.9 ± 2.1 | 45.0 ± 8.6 | 2.7 ± 2.3 |
Abdominal fat (%) | 44.8 ± 9.02 | 2.1 ± 2.62 | 44.9 ± 7.82 | 1.2 ± 1.53 |
Systolic blood pressure (mm/Hg) | 124.1 ± 16.2 | 2.5 ± 3.2 | 121.5 ± 14.6 | 4.8 ± 2.5 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mm/Hg) | 78.5 ± 16.0 | 0.7 ± 2.6 | 76.6 ± 9.4 | 2.3 ± 2.6 |
Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.2 ± 0.7 | 3.8 ± 1.5 | 5.2 ± 0.7 | 2.1 ± 1.9 |
Insulin (μU/mL) | 16.2 ± 3.7 | 10.0 ± 3.2 | 14.8 ± 2.4* | 2.5 ± 2.2¥ |
HOMA-IR | 3.8 ± 1.3 | 16.5 ± 4.6 | 3.4 ± 0.9* | 5.1 ± 2.8¥ |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.4 ± 0.9 | 1.1 ± 3.1 | 5.6 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 2.4 |
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.3 ± 0.8 | -1.2 ± 2.1 | 3.4 ± 0.8 | 3.9 ± 5.1 |
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 4.6 ± 2.3 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 8.4 ± 3.4 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.8 ± 0.7 | -0.05 ± 8.7 | 1.7 ± 0.6 | -3.8 ± 10.1 |
ApoB (mg/dl) | 90.7 ± 20.1 | 2.1 ± 1.8 | 92.5 ± 19.6 | 3.2 ± 4.5 |
ApoE (mg/dl) | 5.4 ± 0.5 | -2.5 ± 1.1 | 5.3 ± 0.8 | -4.8 ± 2.6 |
Lp(a) (mg/dl) | 37.3 ± 37.9 | -9.4 ± 6.2 | 48.1 ± 13.1 | -0.05 ± 7.4 |
ApoCII (mg/dl) | 6.5 ± 1.7 | 10.1 ± 3.9 | 6.2 ± 1.9 | 2.6 ± 3.9 |
Metabolic rate (kJ/min) | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 1.0 ± 3.9 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 4.9 ± 4.3 |
Carbohydrate oxidation (g/min) | 0.01 ± 0.04 | 3.6 ± 1.7 | 0.03 ± 0.05 | 6.8 ± 3.2 |
Fat oxidation (g/min) | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 3.8 ± 0.02 | 0.06 ± 0.02 | 9.6 ± 10.9 |