Impact of dietary fiber intake on glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors and chronic kidney disease in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Fukuoka Diabetes Registry

Table 3 Multiple logistic analysis between metabolic syndrome and dietary fiber intake

		Odds ratio	p for trend
Elevated waist circumference	Model	0.90 [0.87-0.94]	<0.0001
	Model + obesity	0.93 [0.89-0.97]	0.002
Elevated blood pressure	Model	0.93 [0.89-0.97]	0.0002
	Model + obesity	0.94 [0.91-0.98]	0.006
Elevated triglyceride	Model	0.97 [0.93-1.00]	ns
	Model + obesity	0.98 [0.95-1.02]	ns
Low HDL cholesterol	Model	0.97 [0.93-1.01]	ns
	Model + obesity	0.98 [0.93-1.02]	ns
Metabolic syndrome	Model	0.92 [0.89-0.96]	<0.0001
	Model + obesity	0.95 [0.91-0.99]	0.009

Obesity: BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2; Elevated waist circumference, waist circumference ≥90 cm in males and ≥80 cm in females; Elevated blood pressure, systolic blood pressure ≥130 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥85 mmHg and/or the use of antihypertensive drugs; Elevated triglyceride, fasting serum triglyceride ≥1.69 mmol/l and/or the use of triglyceride-lowering drugs; Low HDL cholesterol, fasting serum HDL cholesterol <1.03 mmol/l in males and <1.29 mmol/l in females. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the definition of “Harmonizing the Metabolic Syndrome.” Model, multivariate adjustments with age, sex, duration of diabetes, current smoking habits, current drinking habits, total energy intake, fat intake, saturated fatty acid intake, leisure time physical activity and use of oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin.

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