Table 1 Basic characteristics and dietary nutrient intake of case and control subjects

Gender

0.90

Female

51 (41.4)

57 (42.2)

Male

72 (58.5)

78 (57.8)

Physical activity level

0.53

Heavy

15 (12.2)

21 (15.6)

Moderate

50 (40.7)

59 (43.7)

Light

58 (47.2)

55 (40.7)

Smoking status

0.03

Current smoker

52 (42.3)

40 (29.6)

Non-smoker

71 (57.7)

95 (70.4)

Mean ± Std Dev

Mean ± Std Dev

P -value ²

Education level, years

14.4 (2.0)

15.3 (1.5)

<0.0001

Age, years

54.0 (10.4)

53.7 (9.7)

0.89

SBP, mmHg

144 (16.0)

118 (14.4)

<0.0001

DBP, mmHg

87 (9.3)

75 (9.5)

<0.0001

BMI, kg/m²

28.2 (3.0)

23.3 (2.7)

<0.0001

WC, cm

88.0 (9.6)

81.2 (8.2)

<0.0001

TC, mmol/l

5.4 (1.1)

4.8 (0.8)

<0.0001

TG, mmol/l

2.7 (1.8)

1.1 (0.9)

<0.0001

HDL-c, mmol/l

1.3 (0.2)

1.4 (0.3)

<0.0001

LDL-c, mmol/l

3.2 (0.8)

2.7 (0.7)

<0.0001

FBG, mmol/l

6.9 (1.8)

5.5 (1.5)

<0.0001

Uric acid, μmol/l

341.1 (52.4)

306.7 (58.1)

<0.0001

Nutrients

Energy, kcal

2198.4 (596.5)

1966.0 (305.3)

<0.0001

Protein, g

70.4 (20.5)

68.9 (14.5)

0.49

Total fat, g

81.5 (26.4)

71.8 (17.0)

<0.05

Cholesterol, mg

498.7 (267.3)

430.7 (215.5)

<0.05

Vitamin A , μg RE

600.3 (155.5)

629.4(360.0)

0.55

Thiamine, mg

0.9 (0.3)

1.9 (1.1)

0.32

Riboflavin, mg

0.9 (0.3)

1.6 (0.8)

0.34

Niacin, mg

15.0 (7.1)

15.3 (9.9)

0.83

Vitamin C, mg

101.9 (41.4)

106.0 (46.5)

0.58

Vitamin E, mg

27.5 (8.7)

29.9 (8.7)

<0.05

Calcium, mg

457.5 (207.3)

489.1 (178.1)

0.19

Magnesium, mg

303.3 (78.6)

332.3 (77.8)

<0.05

Iron, mg

23.0 (7.3)

23.3 (10.7)

0.82

Zinc, mg

12.5 (3.0)

11.9 (2.2)

0.10

Selenium, μg

58.9 (23.8)

57.9 (17.5)

0.72

Potassium, mg

1813.6 (377.3)

1836.0 (513.1)

0.69

Sodium, mg

3698.3 (868.2)

3377.6 (685.5)

<0.0001

Copper, mg

2.0 (1.6)

1.9 (0.6)

0.41