Table 10 Summary of findings table: prebiotic studies
From: Synbiotics, probiotics or prebiotics in infant formula for full term infants: a systematic review
Effects of infant formula containing Prebiotics on clinical outcomes in full term infants | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient or population: Full term infants, Settings: Multi-centre trials, Intervention: Infant formula with prebiotics, Comparison: Conventional formula | |||||
Outcomes | Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI) | Measure of effect (95% CI) | No of Participants (studies) | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | |
Assumed risk | Corresponding risk | ||||
Conventional formula | Infant formula with prebiotics | ||||
Weight gain (g/day) | The mean (SD) weight gain (g/day) in the control group ranged from 26.4 (3.7) to 40.59 (3.95) | The mean weight gain (g/day) in the intervention groups was 0.97 higher (0.24 to 1.7 higher) | MD (95% CI): 0.97 (0.24 to 1.70) | 861 (8 studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ |
Follow-up: 1 to 6 months | low 1,2,3 | ||||
Length gain (cm/week) | The mean (SD) length gain (cm/week) in the control group ranged from 0.74 (0.1) to 0.96 (0.11) | The mean length gain (cm/week) in the intervention groups was 0.01 higher (0.01 lower to 0.04 higher) | MD (95% CI): 0.01(−0.01 to 0.04) | 697 (7 studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ |
Follow-up: 1 to 6 months | low 4,5,6 | ||||
Head circumference gain (cm/ week) | The mean (SD) head circumference gain (cm/ week) in the control group ranged from 0.34 (0.05) to 0.63 (0.1) | The mean head circumference gain (cm/ week) in the intervention groups was 0.01 lower (0.02 lower to 0 higher) | MD (95% CI): -0.01 (−0.02 to 0.00) | 438 (3 studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ |
Follow-up: 1.5 to 6 months | low 7,8 | ||||
Stool frequency (evacuations per day) | The mean (SD) stool frequency (evacuations per day) in the control group ranged from1.5 (0.6) to 2.4 (1.64) | The mean stool frequency (evacuations per day) in the intervention groups was 0.18 higher (0.06 to 0.3 higher) | MD (95% CI): 0.18 (0.06 to 0.30) | 579 (4 studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ |
Follow-up: 1 to 6 months | low 9,10 | ||||
Diarrhea | Study population | RR 0.62 (0.19 to 1.99) | 237 (2 studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ | |
Follow-up: 4 to 12 months | 23 per 100 | 14 per 100 (4 to 46) | low 11,12 | ||
Moderate | |||||
19 per 100 | 12 per 100 (4 to 38) | ||||
URTI | Study population | RR 0.74 (0.32 to 1.73) | 409 (2 studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ | |
Follow-up: 6 to 12 months | 45 per 100 | 33 per 100 (14 to 77) | low 13, 14, 15 | ||
Moderate | |||||
44 per 100 | 33 per 100 (14 to 76) | ||||
Bifidobacteria -log10(CFU) per gram stool | The mean(SD) bifidobacteria -log10(cfu) per gram stool in the control group ranged from 6(0.9) to 10.11 (1.67) | The mean bifidobacteria -log10(cfu) per gram stool in the intervention groups was 0.92 higher (0.02 lower to 1.86 higher) | MD (95% CI): 0.92 (−0.03 to 1.86) | 280 (5 studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ |
Follow-up: 1 to 6 months | low 16, 17, 18 | ||||
Lactobacilli -log10(CFU) per gram stool | The mean (SD) lactobacilli -log10 (cfu) per gram stool in the control group ranged from 3.95 (1.57) to 4.27 (2.02) | The mean lactobacilli -log10(cfu) per gram stool in the intervention groups was 1.12 higher (0.44 lower to 2.67 higher) | MD (95% CI): 1.12 (−0.44 to 2.67) | 202 (3 studies) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ |
Follow-up: 3 to 6 months | low 19,20,21 | ||||