Standardized serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are inversely associated with cardiometabolic disease in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES, 2001–2010

Al-khalidi, Banaz; Kimball, Samantha M.; Rotondi, Michael A.; Ardern, Chris I.

doi:10.1186/s12937-017-0237-6

Table 3 Ethnic-specific prevalence ratios for cardiometabolic risk according to serum 25(OH)D status, NHANES 2001–2010

From: Standardized serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are inversely associated with cardiometabolic disease in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES, 2001–2010

	HOMAIR				MetS				CVD Risk (≥15%)
	Yes	No	PR	95% CI	Yes	No	PR	95% CI	Yes	No	PR	95% CI
A
Mexican Americans
25(OH)D quartiles (nmol/L)
< 43.4	175	346	Ref		263	258	Ref		122	399	Ref
43.4–58.6	156	445	0.9	0.70, 1.15	253	348	0.80 ^*	0.66, 0.97	132	469	0.85	0.66, 1.09
58.7–74.2	94	366	0.82	0.63, 1.07	188	272	0.95	0.78, 1.16	109	351	0.87	0.67, 1.14
≥ 74.3	25	187	0.54 ^*	0.35, 0.82	67	145	0.73 ^*	0.55, 0.96	45	167	0.90	0.69, 1.16
Non-Hispanic Whites
25(OH)D quartiles (nmol/L)
< 43.4	178	274	Ref		255	197	Ref		156	296	Ref
43.4–58.6	290	623	1.33	0.94, 1.36	452	461	1.07	0.95, 1.21	271	642	0.86	0.73, 1.01
58.7–74.2	314	998	0.93	0.77, 1.24	565	747	1.00	0.88, 1.14	378	934	0.88	0.75, 1.04
≥ 74.3	290	1322	0.81 ^*	0.68, 0.96	528	1084	0.84 ^*	0.73, 0.95	364	1248	0.78 ^*	0.64, 0.93
Non-Hispanic Blacks
25(OH)D quartiles (nmol/L)
< 43.4	246	668	Ref		327	587	Ref		209	705	Ref
43.4–58.6	80	300	0.89	0.71, 1.11	115	265	1.00	0.84, 1.19	92	288	0.83	0.65, 1.05
58.7–74.2	53	147	1.03	0.78, 1.38	78	122	1.11	0.89, 1.37	66	134	0.98	0.78, 1.23
≥ 74.3	18	79	0.67 ^*	0.45, 0.99	34	63	0.74 ^*	0.56, 0.97	21	76	0.58 ^*	0.41, 0.81
B Excluding participants with self-reported diabetes, CVD, and those taking relevant medications
Mexican Americans
25(OH)D quartiles (nmol/L)
< 43.4	98	273	Ref		135	236	Ref		41	330	Ref
43.4–58.6	89	343	0.99	0.72, 1.37	124	308	0.82	0.63, 1.07	32	400	0.49 ^*	0.29, 0.82
58.7–74.2	56	289	0.98	0.69, 1.38	106	239	1.08	0.82, 1.41	37	308	0.81	0.46, 1.44
≥ 74.3	15	143	0.53 ^*	0.31, 0.91	31	127	0.63 ^*	0.44, 0.91	17	141	1.27	0.83, 1.94
Non-Hispanic Whites
25(OH)D quartiles (nmol/L)
< 43.4	86	166	Ref		98	154	Ref		46	206	Ref
43.4–58.6	146	436	0.92	0.73, 1.19	184	398	0.98	0.79, 1.22	83	499	0.78	0.54, 1.13
58.7–74.2	124	692	0.76 ^*	0.58, 0.99	198	618	0.89	0.71, 1.12	92	724	0.68 ^*	0.47, 0.97
≥ 74.3	105	931	0.61 ^*	0.44, 0.83	156	880	0.61 ^*	0.47, 0.80	96	940	0.56 ^*	0.39, 0.80
Non-Hispanic Blacks
25(OH)D quartiles (nmol/L)
< 43.4	126	488	Ref		128	486	Ref		63	551	Ref
43.4–58.6	39	212	0.89	0.64, 1.24	42	209	1.05	0.77, 1.45	24	227	1.05	0.70, 1.58
58.7–74.2	19	88	1.1	0.69, 1.76	26	81	1.49	1.06, 2.10	12	95	1.26	0.66, 2.38
≥ 74.3	5	54	0.73	0.32, 1.70	6	53	0.55	0.25, 1.21	6	53	0.72	0.33, 1.58

Models are adjusted for age, sex, education, season of blood draw, survey cycle, smoking, BMI, total physical activity, vitamin D supplement use, and lipid and anti-hyperglycemic medications. ^* P < 0.05

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