Mean change from baseline (95%CI)a | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outcomesc | Control group (n = 24) | Intervention group (n = 26) | Mean difference between groups (95%CI)b | p-Value | Effect size (Cohen’s d) |
Physical activity (pedometer steps/day) | 575.4 (−518.8, 1669.7) | 1588.2 (534.7, 2641.6) | 1012.7 (−506.2, 2531.6) | 0.191 | 0.36 |
Diet quality (ARFS total score) | 2.3 (−0.5, 5.2) | 5.9 (3.1, 8.7) | 3.6 (−0.4, 7.6) | 0.081 | 0.48 |
Satisfaction with life scale (total score) | 0.5 (−0.9, 2.0) | 0.9 (−0.5, 2.4) | 0.4 (−1.6, 2.5) | 0.683 | 0.11 |
Fruit (serves/day) | 0.3 (−0.1, 0.7) | 0.5 (0.1, 0.9) | 0.2 (−0.4, 0.8) | 0.496 | 0.20 |
Vegetables (serves/day) | −0.1 (−0.8, 0.6) | 1.0 (0.3, 1.6) | 1.1 (0.1, 2.0) | <0.05 | 0.62 |
Energy intake (kJ/day) | −68.9 (−1090.7, 953.0) | −475.9 (−1470.6, 518.8) | −407.0 (−1833.1, 1019.0) | 0.576 | 0.16 |
Proportion of energy from ED-NP foods (%) | −2.6 (−6.2, 1.1) | −9.8 (−13.3, −6.2) | −7.2 (−12.3, −2.1) | <0.01 | 0.73 |
Proportion of energy from alcohol (%) | −0.5 (−1.2, 0.3) | 0.2 (−0.5, 1.0) | 0.7 (−0.3, 1.8) | 0.181 | 0.36 |
AUDIT-C (total score) | −0.6 (−1.1, −0.1) | 0.1 (−0.4, 0.6) | 0.7 (−0.1, 1.4) | 0.074 | 0.53 |
Salivary Cortisol (nmol/l) | 2.7 (−0.4, 5.8) | 0.6 (−2.4, 3.6) | −2.1 (−6.4, 2.2) | 0.341 | 0.27 |
Depression, Anxiety & Stress Scale (total score) | −2.1 (−4.8, 0.5) | −1.7 (−4.3, 0.9) | 0.4 (−3.3, 4.1) | 0.835 | 0.06 |
K-10 Psychological distress scale | −1.7 (−3.0, −0.4) | −2.6 (−3.8, −1.3) | −0.9 (−2.6, 0.9) | 0.331 | 0.28 |
Mental Health Continuum (total score) | 4.0 (0.8, 7.1) | 5.5 (2.4, 8.6) | 1.5 (−2.9, 6.0) | 0.505 | 0.19 |
Quality of Life, Enjoyment and Satisfaction (total score) | 2.9 (0.1, 5.6) | 6.0 (3.3, 8.7) | 3.2 (−0.7, 7.0) | 0.110 | 0.45 |
Weight (kg) | 1.0 (0.1, 2.0) | −0.6 (−1.5, 0.3) | −1.6 (−3.0, −0.3) | <0.05 | 0.63 |
Weight (%) | 1.3 (0.2, 2.5) | −0.6 (−1.7, 0.5) | −2.0 (−3.5, −0.4) | <0.05 | 0.67 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 1.9 (0.7, 3.1) | −1.2 (−2.4, −0.0) | −3.1 (−4.8, −1.4) | <0.001 | 0.89 |
BMI (Kg/m2) | 0.3 (0.0, 0.6) | −0.2 (−0.5, 0.0) | −0.6 (−0.9, −0.2) | <0.01 | 0.81 |
Skeletal muscle mass (kg) | 0.1 (−0.5, 0.6) | −0.0 (−0.6, 0.5) | −0.1 (−0.9, 0.6) | 0.755 | 0.07 |
Body fat mass (kg) | 0.9 (0.1, 1.7) | −0.5 (−1.3, 0.3) | −1.4 (−2.5, −0.3) | <0.05 | 0.67 |
MVPA (minutes/week) | 26.1 (−58.0, 110.2) | 154.1 (71.0, 237.1) | 128.0 (9.8, 246.2) | <0.05 | 0.58 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 0.0 (−0.2, 0.3) | −0.4 (−0.6, −0.2) | −0.4 (−0.8, −0.1) | <0.05 | 0.61 |
HDL-Cholesterol (mmol/l) | 0.0 (−0.0, 0.1) | 0.0 (−0.0, 0.1) | 0.0 (−0.1, 0.1) | 0.986 | 0.00 |
LDL- Cholesterol (mmol/l) | 0.1 (−0.1, 0.3) | −0.4 (−0.6, −0.1) | −0.5 (−0.8, −0.2) | <0.01 | 0.83 |
Triglyceride (mmol/l) | −0.2 (−0.5, −0.0) | −0.0 (−0.3, 0.2) | 0.2 (−0.1, 0.6) | 0.200 | 0.31 |
Total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio | −0.0 (−0.2, 0.2) | −0.3 (−0.5, −0.2) | −0.3 (−0.6, −0.0) | <0.05 | 0.60 |
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | −2.6 (−5.5, 0.2) | −2.4 (−5.1, 0.4) | 0.3 (−3.7, 4.2) | 0.898 | 0.04 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | −1.1 (−2.9, 0.7) | −1.7 (−3.5, 0.0) | −0.6 (−3.1, 1.9) | 0.629 | 0.13 |
Resting Heart rate (BPM) | −2.1 (−6.1, 1.9) | −0.1 (−4.0, 3.8) | 2.0 (−3.6, 7.6) | 0.480 | 0.20 |
Augmentation Index (%) | −0.7 (−8.1, 6.6) | −4.8 (−11.9, 2.3) | −4.1 (−14.3, 6.2) | 0.438 | 0.22 |