Association of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter polymorphism with change in triacylglycerol response to sequential meals

Table 2 Fasting and postprandial metabolites and characteristics according to the TNFA-380G → A polymorphism stratified by body mass index in the Metabolic Challenge Study (Replication cohort)

	Normal weight (BMI <25 kg/m²)			Overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²)			P ^*
	GG (N = 30)	GA + AA (N = 15)	P ^a	GG (N = 14)	GA + AA (N = 8)	P ^a	P ^*
Age	31 ± 2	27 ± 3	0.34	31 ± 2	35 ± 4	0.29	0.74
Gender (men/women)	8/22	8/7	0.08	10/4	4/4	0.32	0.38
BMI (kg/m²)^b	22.70 ± 0.30	22.40 ± 0.50	0.52	26.80 ± 0.60	26.70 ± 0.50	0.85	0.58
Fasting metabolites
TC (mmol/l)	4.50 ± 0.20	4.30 ± 0.20	0.88	4.30 ± 0.20	5.10 ± 0.30	0.04	0.48
TAG (mmol/l)	0.94 ± 0.07	0.86 ± 0.05	0.48	1.18 ± 0.2	1.30 ± 0.20	0.72	0.97
Glucose (mmol/l)	5.01 ± 0.08	5.20 ± 0.10	0.26	5.30 ± 0.10	5.30 ± 0.08	0.93	0.46
HDL-c (mmol/l)	1.50 ± 0.07	1.40 ± 0.09	0.95	1.20 ± 0.08	1.40 ± 0.20	0.33	0.79
Insulin (pmol/l)	34.80 ± 0.60	36.10 ± 4.90	0.71	43.80 ± 5.60	50.70 ± 6.30	0.49	0.23
NEFA (μmol/l)	590 ± 50	590 ± 90	0.73	560 ± 29	550 ± 25	0.69	0.99
HOMA-IR	2.00 ± 0.20	2.10 ± 0.30	0.69	2.50 ± 0.40	2.80 ± 0.30	0.59	0.27
TNFA (pg/ml)	10.20 ± 4.50	4.30 ± 1.80	0.59	4.10 ± 0.40	4.70 ± 0.70	0.35	0.45
Postprandial TAG (mmol/l × 300 min)
AUC	176 ± 31	170 ± 41	0.74	184 ± 50	192 ± 66	0.78	0.99
IAUC	81 ± 15	84 ± 23	0.87	63 ± 26	81 ± 28	0.54	0.72
Postprandial NEFA (mmol/l × 180 min)
AUC	39 ± 7	36 ± 8	0.73	26 ± 7	32 ± 10	0.58	0.96
IAUC	14 ± 3	12 ± 4	0.44	6 ± 2	3 ± 5	0.18	0.65
Postprandial Glucose (mmol/l × 300 min)
AUC	483 ± 75	485 ± 108	0.89	468 ± 108	442 ± 713	0.95	0.98
IAUC	−23 ± 9	−31 ± 12	0.47	−72 ± 36	−9 ± 6	0.21	0.34
Postprandial Insulin (pmol/l × 300 min)
AUC	4209 ± 806	4223 ± 1035	0.71	6257 ± 2368	5382 ± 1792	0.73	0.82
IAUC	986 ± 340	313 ± 465	0.11	2417 ± 1695	1063 ± 597	0.46	0.28

Values represent mean ± S.E. mean
As there was only one participant with AA homozygous genotype, all analyses were conducted by comparing GG homozygotes and A allele carriers (GA + AA)
Abbreviations: AUC area under the curve, IAUC, incremental area under the curve, BMI body mass index, TAG triacylglycerol, TC total cholesterol, HDL-c high density lipoprotein cholesterol
^aAdjusted for age, gender, and BMI, wherever appropriate
^bAdjusted for age, and gender
^*P values for the difference in the clinical and biochemical parameters between the genotypes in the whole group

ISSN: 1475-2891