First author, year of publication, place | Year of data collection | Study design, Sample size | Cancer type | Groups being compared | RR (95%Cl), p-value | Variables adjusted for |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ishizuka M, 2009, Japan [48] | April 2005 to July 2007 | Retrospective, 112 | Colorectal | <3.5 g/dL >=3.5 g/dL | Univariate: 1.37 (1.10-1.71), 0.004 Multivariate: 2.38 (0.73-7.78), 0.14 | Age, sex, tumor site, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), WBC, neutrophil, CA 19-9, CA 72-4, CRP |
Neal CP, 2009, UK [49] | January 2000 to December 2005 | Retrospective, 174 | Colorectal | <4 g/dL >=4 g/dL | Univariate: 1.98 (1.21-3.25) 0.007 Multivariate: 1.68 (1.01-2.79) 0.04 | Age, sex, site, stage, CEA, liver mets, chemotherapy, hematological indices, clinical risk score, Carstairs deprivation index |
Sun LC, 2009, Taiwan [50] | January 1996 to December 2006 | Retrospective cohort, 1367 | Colorectal | <3.5 g/dL >=3.5 g/dL | Univariate: 1.72(1.38-2.14) < 0.001 Multivariate: 1.45(1.09-1.92) 0.011 | Age, sex, site, tumor size, BMI, histology, UICC stage, CEA |
Wang CY, 2009, Taiwan [51] | November 2002 to July 2007 | Prospective, 123 | Esophageal | >=3.5 g/dL <3.5 g/dL Also used as continuous variable | Univariate: p < 0.001 Multivariate: Categorical = 3.9, (1.9-8.2), <0.001 Continuous = 0.38, (0.25-0.58), <0.001 | Age, histology, tumor location, stage, Serum CRP, BMI, WBC count, platelet, bilirubin, hemoglobin, BMI, treatment modality |
Choi GH, 2008, South Korea [52] | March 1998 to January 2005 | Retrospective, 97 | Hepatocellular | <3.5 g/dL >=3.5 g/dL | Multivariate: 4.59 (1.79-11.75), 0.001 | Sex, cirrhosis, AFP, platelets, tumor size, number of tumors, intrahepatic mets, venous invasion, Child-Pugh class, time to recurrence |
Takahashi S, 2008, Japan [53] | March 1999 to September 2004 | Retrospective cohort, 179 | Hepatocellular | <3.5 g/dL >=3.5 g/dL | Univariate: p = 0.001 Multivariate: 3.75(1.64-8.56) 0.002 | Age, sex, bilirubin, platelets, AFP, PIVKA-II, tumor size, tumor nodules |
Di Fiore FD, 2007, France [2] | January 1997 to December 2003 | Retrospective, consecutive case series, 105 | Non-metastatic esophageal | <=3.5 g/dL >3.5 g/dL | Univariate: p = 0.007 Multivariate: 0.99 (0.50-1.98), 0.99 | Age, sex, performance status, weight loss, BMI, hemoglobin, tumor location, tumor length, stage of disease, radiotherapy dose |
Ishizuka M, 2007, Japan [3] | January 2001 to March 2006 | Retrospective, 315 | Colorectal | <=3.5 g/dL >3.5 g/dL | Univariate: 0.85 (0.53-1.343), 0.488 Multivariate: 1.98 (0.91-4.29), 0.082 | Age, sex, tumor site, CEA, CA19-9, CA72-4, CRP, GPS |
Siddiqui A, 2007, USA [6] | July 1986 to December 2004 | Retrospective, 69 | Pancreas | >=3.5 g/dL <3.5 g/dL | Univariate: p < .0001 Multivariate: 2.98 (2.20 to 3.76), <.0001 | CA19-9, WBC, laboratory indicators, co-morbidities, age, sex, BMI, stage, treatment |
Onate-Ocana LF, 2007, Mexico [44] | January 1987 to December 2002 | Retrospective, 1023 | Gastric | High: >=3.77 g/dL Medium: 3.3 to 3.73 g/dL Low: 2.81 to 3.29 g/dL Very low: <=2.3 g/dL | Medium: 1.2 (0.8-1.7), 0.31 Low: 1.2 (0.8-1.8), 0.31 Very low: 1.8 (1.3-2.6), 0.001 | Stage of disease, lymph node dissection, gender, surgical resection |
McMillan DC, 2007, UK [54] | January 1997 to June 2004 | Retrospective, 316 | Colorectal | <=3.5 g/dL >3.5 g/dL | GPS based on CRP and albumin was associated with survival (p < 0.0001) | Age, Sex, stage, adjuvant therapy |
Nagaoka S, 2007, Japan [55] | January 1997 to November 1998 | Cohort, 90 | Hepatocellular | <3.5 g/dL >=3.5 g/dL | Univariate: 1.75 (1.13-2.70) 0.011 Multivariate: 2.01 (1.20-3.37) 0.008 | Age, sex, hepatitis B virus, bilirubin, prothrombin time, platelet count, CRP, AFP, stage, initial treatment, AST, ALT |
Read JA, 2006, Australia [56] | NA | Prospective consecutive case series, 51 | Colorectal | <3.5 g/dL >=3.5 g/dL | Univariate: p = 0.017 Median survival in months >=3.5 g/dL = 14.3 <3.5 g/dL = 10.3 | Gender, age, extent of prior therapy, extent of disease, PS, liver function CRP, PG-SGA, GPS, type of treatment |
Liu SA, 2006, Taiwan [57] | March 1995 to December 2002 | Retrospective, 1010 | Oral | >=4.15 g/dL <4.15 g/dL | Multivariate: 1.313, (1.052-1.638), 0.016 | Age, sex, complications, BMI, stage, recurrence/metastasis |
Boonpipattanapong, T, 2006, Thailand [7] | October 1, 1998 to October 31, 2002 | Retrospective cohort, 172 | Colorectal | <3.5 g/dL >=3.5 g/dL | 5-year survival <3.5 g/dL = 48% >=3.5 g/dL = 59% | CEA, tumor differentiation |
Cengiz O, 2006, Turkey and USA [8] | 1994-2003 | Retrospective, 99 | Colorectal | <=3.5 g/dL >3.5 g/dL | Univariate: <0.0001 Multivariate: 2.791, (1.37-5.67), 0.005 | Age, gender, location, differentiation, hemoglobin, cholesterol, TNM stage, venous invasion, CEA, metastasis |
Alici S, 2006, Turkey [58] | September 1999 to April 2002 | Retrospective, 138 | Gastric | <3 g/dL >=3 g/dL | Univariate: Median survival in years <3 g/dL: 1.7 >=3 g/dL: 8.8 p = 0.006 | BMI, clinical stage, surgery, type of surgery, gender, age, PS, tumor grade, tumor location, hemoglobin. LDH, type of surgery |
Arimura E, 2005, Japan [59] | January 1988 to December 2002 | Prospective consecutive case series, 140 | Hepatocellular | <=3.5 g/dL >3.5 g/dL | Univariate: 1.69 (1.01-2.84), 0.04 Multivariate: 1.49 (0.76-2.90), 0.24 | LFTs, tumor size, tumor number, local recurrence, distant recurrence, AFP, ICG-R15 (%) |
Schindl M, 2005, UK [60] | October 1, 1988, to January 31, 2002 | Retrospective, 337 | Colorectal | Continuous variable | Univariate: p < 0.001 Multivariate: 0.9 (0.9-1.0) p < 0.001 | Dukes stage, site of primary tumor, diameter of the largest liver lesion, serum CEA, ALP, number of lesions, bilobar disease, age |
Tateishi R, 2005, Japan [61] | January 1990 to December 1997 | Prospective consecutive case series, 403 | Hepatocellular | >3.5 g/dL (reference) 2.8-3.5 g/dL <2.8 g/dL | Univariate: 1.99 (1.52-2.59),0.0001 3.13 (2.01-4.88),0.0001 Multivariate: 1.74 (1.31-2.30) 0.00014 2.45 (1.55-3.88) 0.00013 | Age, sex, treatment modality, tumor factors, including size, number of nodules, lobar distribution, and presence of extrahepatic metastasis, clinical manifestations, including ascites and hepatic encephalopathy, bilirubin, prothrombin activity, AST, ALT, platelet count, AFP, positivity for viral markers (hepatitis B surface antigen and anti-hepatitis C antibody), alcohol |
Xu HX, 2005, China [62] | August 1997 to September 2003 | Prospective consecutive case series, 137 | Hepatocellular | <3.5 g/dL >=3.5 g/dL | Multivariate: 0.48 (0.28-0.83), 0.008 | Age, gender, cirrhosis, Child's class, AFP, ALT, bilirubin, prothrombin time, tumor nodules, tumor size, treatment method, recurrence |
Lien YC, 2004, Taiwan [63] | 1987 to 1997 | Retrospective, 314 | Gastric cardia | >3.5 g/dL <=3.5 g/dL | Univariate: 5 year survival rate >3.5 g/dL: 38.4% <=3.5 g/dL: 19.1%, p = <0.001 | Age, sex, extent of resection, diet at presentation, depth of penetration, nodal involvement |
Elahi MM, 2004, UK [64] | 1988 to 1996 | Retrospective, 165 | Colorectal Gastric | <3.5 g/dL >=3.5 g/dL | Median survival in months <3.5 g/dL: 1.7(0.6-2.8), >=3.5 g/dL: 6.9 (4.7-9.0) p = <0.001 | Age, sex, GPS, tumor type, CRP |
Chen MF, 2003, Taiwan [65] | 1986 to 1998 | Retrospective, 254 | Hepatocellular | <=3.5 g/dL >3.5 g/dL | Univariate: Median survival in months <=3.5 g/dL: 6.18 >3.5 g/dL: 12.3, p = 0.0037 Multivariate: Disease-free survival 2.17 (1.21-3.90) Overall survival 1.65 (1.005-2.73) | Age, sex, Hepatitis B antigen, Hepatitis C antibody, AFP, BUN, creatinine, ALP, AST, bilirubin, prothrombin time, extent of resection, blood loss, blood transfusion, tumor size, no of tumors, resection margin, operating time |
Koike Y, 2003, Japan [66] | 1987 to 1999 | Retrospective consecutive case series, 952 | Hepatocellular | NA | Univariate analysis indicated that the serum albumin level was associated with survival | Child classification, number of tumor foci, portal venous invasion-targeted irradiation, and percutaneous tumor ablation of the parenchymal main tumor |
Dixon MR, 2003, USA [67] | 1991-1999 | Retrospective cohort, 105 | Colorectal | Continuous variable | Univariate (Median Albumin) (IQR): Short survival <120 days : 2.5 (2.2-3.0) Long survival >120 days : 3.1 (2.6-3.5), 0.002 | Age, ALP, AST, total bilirubin, CEA, ALT, prothrombin time, mean corpuscular volume, fibrinogen, hematocrit, creatinine |
Heys SD, 1998, UK [45] | 1972 to 1985 | Retrospective case series, 431 | Colorectal | Continuous variable | Univariate: <0.00005 Multivariate: 0.95 (0.93-0.98) < 0.0001 | Duke's stage, age and tumor differentiation |
Stuart KE, 1996, USA [68] | 1986-1995 | Retrospective, 314 | Hepatocellular | Albumin cutoffs not provided | Univariate: Median survival in months Low albumin: 4 High Albumin: 15, p < 0.001 Multivariate: p < 0.001 | Age, gender, cirrhosis, alcohol abuse, bilirubin, PVO and AFP |
Onate-Ocana LF, 2007, Mexico [69] | NA | Retrospective cohort, 793 | Gastric | <=3.5 g/dL >3.5 g/dL | Multivariate: 1.26 (1.03-1.5), <0.03 | TNM stage, operative morbidity, type of lymphadenectomy, gastrectomy performed |