Effects of a 3-year dietary intervention on age-related changes in triglyceride and apolipoprotein A-V levels in patients with impaired fasting glucose or new-onset type 2 diabetes as a function of the APOA5 -1131 T > C polymorphism

Table 1 Effects of a 3-year dietary intervention on anthropometric and biochemical markers

	Pre-treatment	Post-treatment	P-value
Male/female (%)	58.6/41.4
Age (year)	48.2±0.64	51.3±0.64	<0.001
Weight (kg)	66.6±0.72	66.3±0.71	0.210
Body mass index (kg/m²)	24.6±0.21	24.5±0.20	0.285
Systolic BP (mmHg)	121.1±0.97	122.4±0.96	0.158
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	74.9±0.72	75.8±0.75	0.171
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)^∮	194.8±2.29	198.0±2.87	0.362
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)^∮	117.9±2.20	123.2±2.73	0.110
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)^∮	52.7±0.98	50.3±1.02	0.002
Triglycerides (mg/dL)^∮	122.8±4.93	127.6±5.82	0.714
Glucose (mg/dL)^∮	109.8±0.67	108.3±1.28	0.004
Insulin (μIU/mL)^∮	9.04±0.26	8.27±0.27	<0.001
¹HOMA-IR^∮	2.47±0.08	2.24±0.09	<0.001
²hs-CRP (mg/dL)^∮	1.24±0.12	1.31±0.27	0.451
Free fatty acids (μEq/L)^∮	531.4±15.1	498.7±16.2	0.014
Apolipoprotein A-V (ng/mL)^∮	202.4±7.44	186.4±6.85	0.030
³ba-PWV (cm/sec)^∮	2694.2±28.7	2758.3±31.1	0.002
⁴MDA (nmol/mL)^∮	10.4±0.21	11.4±0.27	0.003
Total energy expenditure (kcal)	2146.8±21.5	2118.5±18.4	0.012
Estimates of daily nutrient intake
Energy intake (kcal)	2196.3±22.3	2162.7±20.3	0.009
Carbohydrate (%)	61.7±0.10	57.5±0.07	<0.001
Protein (%)	16.9±0.08	17.5±0.06	<0.001
Fat (%)	21.7±0.11	22.9±0.09	<0.001
Crude fiber (g)^∮	11.3±0.43	15.0±0.56	<0.001
⁵PUFA/SFA^∮	1.73±0.07	2.08±0.08	0.003

Mean ± SE, n = 203. ^∮Log-transformed, P-values derived from paired t-test.
¹HOMA-IR = {fasting insulin (μIU/mL) × fasting glucose (mmol/L)}/22.5. ²hs-CRP = high sensitivity C-reactive protein. ³ba-PWV = brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. ⁴MDA = malondialdehyde. ⁵PUFA/SFA = ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids.

ISSN: 1475-2891