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Table 2 Multivariate hazard ratios (HR) for overall prostate cancer by coffee consumption in 6017 men

From: Coffee consumption and prostate cancer risk: further evidence for inverse relationship

  

All Prostate Cancers

 

Total

n

Hazard Ratio (95% CI)a

p value

Hazard Ratio (95% CI)b

p value

Cups of coffee/day

0

2,628

(139)

1

 

1

 

1--2

2,059

(114)

0.89

(0.69,

1.16)

0.39

0.95

(0.72,

1.24)

0.70

≥3

1,330

(65)

0.81

(0.60,

1.09)

0.18

0.93

(0.66,

1.31)

0.66

Cups of coffee (continuous)

6,017

(318)

0.95

(0.87,

1.02)

0.12

0.96

(0.81,

1.13)

0.64

Age at screening

< 40

823

(30)

1

 

1

 

40-49

2,621

(129)

1.85

(1.24,

2.76)

0.003

1.73

(1.16,

2.59)

0.008

50-59

2,424

(150)

4.49

(3.01,

6.68)

<0.001

4.13

(2.74,

6.22)

<0.001

60-75

149

(9)

9.28

(4.36,

19.73)

<0.001

8.21

(3.80,

17.72)

<0.001

Cholesterol level

6,017

(318)

1.02

(0.91,

1.14)

0.71

1.01

(0.91,

1.13)

0.80

Systolic blood pressure

6,017

(318)

1.00

(0.99,

1.01)

0.83

0.99

(0.99,

1.01)

0.57

BMI (kg m -2 )

<25 (Under & Desirable)

2,967

(152)

1

 

1

 

25 – <30 (Overweight)

2,691

(148)

1.10

(0.88,

1.38)

0.41

1.11

(0.88,

1.40)

0.39

≥30 (Obese)

359

(18)

1.25

(0.77,

2.05)

0.37

1.28

(0.77,

2.11)

0.34

Alcohol intake (units/week)

0

1,892

(115)

 

1

   

1

  

1--10

1,740

(102)

0.97

(0.74,

1.27)

0.83

0.99

(0.75,

1.30)

0.92

11--21

1,213

(52)

0.83

(0.60,

1.15)

0.28

0.87

(0.62,

1.22)

0.42

> 21

1,172

(49)

0.94

(0.67,

1.32)

0.71

0.98

(0.69,

1.39)

0.92

Smoking

          

Never smoker

1,094

(68)

1

 

1

 

Smoker

3,492

(136)

0.92

(0.71,

1.27)

0.59

0.93

(0.69,

1.26)

0.65

Ex-smoker

1,430

(114)

1.43

(1.05,

1.93)

0.02

1.43

(1.05,

1.94)

0.02

Social Class

          

I&II

2,007

(122)

1

 

1

 

IIIN

1,220

(68)

0.88

(0.64,

1.22)

0.45

0.97

(0.68,

1.39)

0.88

IIIM

1,114

(75)

1.14

(0.85,

1.54)

0.38

1.16

(0.85,

1.58)

0.34

IV&V

1,676

(53)

0.97

(0.73,

1.29)

0.83

1.02

(0.74,

1.39)

0.92

  1. Prostate cancer cases =318.
  2. a = adjusted for age and social class, b = adjusted for age at screening, cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, BMI, alcohol intake, tea consumption, smoking status, social class. n = number of prostate cancer cases.
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Nutrition Journal

ISSN: 1475-2891

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