Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and control groups
Characteristics | Control group | COPD group | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 20 | n = 20 | ||||
n | % | n | % | ||
Gender | 1.000 | ||||
Males | 16 | 80 | 16 | 80 | |
Females | 4 | 20 | 4 | 20 | |
Age | 0.47 | ||||
(years) | 75.5± 7.65 (61-86) | 73.7± 8.0 (61-86) | |||
Race/Color | 1.0000 | ||||
White | 17 | 85 | 17 | 85 | |
Non-white | 3 | 15 | 3 | 15 | |
Marital status | 0.1504 | ||||
Married | 16 | 80 | 13 | 65 | |
Widowed | 1 | 5 | 5 | 25 | |
Divorced | 1 | 1 | 2 | 10 | |
Single | 2 | 10 | - | - | |
Occupation | 0.5483 | ||||
Inactive | 19 | 95 | 18 | 90 | |
Active | 1 | 5 | 2 | 10 | |
Education level | 0.0274* | ||||
Illiterate | - | - | 3 | 15 | |
Elementary school | 9 | 45 | 11 | 55 | |
High school | 8 | 40 | 1 | 5 | |
Higher education | 3 | 15 | 5 | 25 | |
Place of residence | 0.03501* | ||||
Lins | 20 | 100 | 16 | 80 | |
Other cities | - | - | 4 | 20 | |
Nutritional status | 0.0705 | ||||
Normal weight | 11 | 55 | 12 | 60 | |
Underweight | - | - | 3 | 15 | |
Overweight | 5 | 25 | 5 | 25 | |
Obese | 4 | 20 | - | - | |
Duration of COPD | - | - | 4.65 ± 2.97 | - | - |
Smoking status | 0.00091* | ||||
Non-smoker | 12 | 60 | 2 | 10 | |
Ex-smoker and smoker | 8 | 40 | 18 | 90 | |
High blood pressure | 9 | 45 | 9 | 45 | 1.000 |
Diabetes mellitus type 2 | - | - | 3 | 15 | 0.0717 |
Physical activity | 0.03501* | ||||
Active | 16 | 80 | 20 | 100 | |
Inactive | 4 | 20 | - | - | |