Paper | Regional location | Number of subjects | Study type | Population characteristics | Maternal dietary component | Effects of diet on GD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tryggvadottir EA, et al. 2016 [41] | Iceland - Europa | n:168 | cohort | women aged 18 to 40 years who visited the Prenatal Diagnosis Unit at the National University Hospital, 2012–2013. Gestational age between 19 and 24 weeks. | pregnancy dietary pattern | Prudent dietary pattern: Odds Ratio = 0.54; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.30, 0.98; Prudent pattern in overweight/obese before pregnancy: OR = 0.38; 95% CI 0.18–0.83 |
Kozlowska A, et al. 2018 [42] | Polish- Europa | n:113 | cross-sectional | women > 20 weeks of gestation who visited the Medical University of Warsaw, 2016–2018. | vitamin and mineral pregnancy dietary intake | Mean vitamin C intake was higher in controls than among cases (p-value: 0.04). Mean calcium intake was higher in controls than among cases (p-value: 0.01) |
Bartáková V, et al. 2018 [43] | Czech Republic - Europe | n:363 cases:293 controls:70 | case-control | women aged 29–36 years who visited the Diabetes Centre of the University Hospital Brno. Gestational age between 24 and 30 weeks. | pregnancy food intake | Dairy products OR = 3.149; 95% CI: 1.180–8.403, p-value: 0.022; goodies OR = 7.600; 95% CI: 0.996–57.964, p-value: 0.050; sweet beverages OR = 10.510; 95% CI: 1.395–79.173, p-value: 0.022 |
Donazar-Ezcurra M, et al.2017 [44] | Spanish - Europe | n: 3455 | cohort | women prevenient of The SUN project cohort, 2013–2015 | pre-pregnancy dietary patterns | Western dietary pattern: OR = 1,56; 95% CI 1,00- 2,43 |
Mari Sanchis A et al. 2018 [45] | Spanish - Europe | n: 3298 | cohort | women prevenient of The SUN project cohort, 2012–2014 | pre-pregnancy meat and iron intake | Total meat consumption: OR = 1.67; 95% CI 1.06–2.63; p-trend 0.010; red meat consumption: OR = 2.37; 95% CI 1.49–3.78: p-trend< 0.001; processed meat consumption: OR = 2.01; 95% CI 1.26–3.21; p-trend 0.003 |
Petry CJ, et al. 2019 [46] | United Kingdom- Europe | n: 865 | cohort | pregnant women of 12 weeks of gestation. Cambridge Baby Growth Study (CBGS) recruits. | eggs consumption | Eggs consumption was negatively associated with GDM (p = 0.03) |
Nicolì F, et al. 2021 [47] | Italy - Europe | n: 376 | cohort | Women from the Diabetes Clinic of the University Hospital of Pisa, 2019. No data about age or gestational age | Consumption of non- nutritive-sweetened soft drinks | Non-nutritive-sweetened soft drinks intake: OR 1.814; 95% CI: 1.145–2.874; p = 0.011 |
Yuste Gomez A et al. 2022 [48] | Spain - Europe | n: 103 | cohort | women over 16 years old from La Paz University Hospital, no data available about follow-up time. Gestational age < 16 weeks. | pregnancy food intake | Differences in white bread consumption among pregnant women who develop GDM and controls (p = 0,012) |