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Table 1 Background characteristics of participating and non-participating households based on data from the pre-COVID-19 survey

From: Impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on household diet diversity in rural Bihar, India: a longitudinal survey

Background characteristics

Participating in COVID-19 lockdown survey (N = 876)

n (%)

Not participating in COVID-19 lockdown survey (N = 775)

n (%)

Principal Occupation

 Self-employed (Agriculture)

399 (45.6)

352 (45.4)

 Self-employed (Non-Agriculture)a

102 (11.6)

76 (9.8)

 Regular wage/salary earner

163 (18.6)

156 (20.1)

 Casual laborer

212 (24.2)

191 (24.7)

MPCEb

  < =1247.4

176 (20.1)

172 (22.2)

 1247.5–1674.5

175 (20.0)

154 (19.9)

 1674.6–2150.1

174 (19.8)

156 (20.1)

 2150.2–2947.0

176 (20.1)

143 (18.5)

  > 2947.0

175 (20.0)

149 (19.3)

Social groupb

 SC/ST

251 (29.2)

247 (32.8)

 OBC

503 (58.5)

422 (55.9)

 Forward castes

106 (12.3)

85 (11.3)

Religion

 Hinduism

851 (97.1)

741 (95.6)

 Islam

25 (2.9)

34 (4.4)

Type of family

 Nuclear

306 (34.9)

291 (37.5)

 Joint/Extended

570 (65.1)

484 (62.5)

Type of land owned

 No land

38 (4.3)

26 (3.3)

 Homestead only

345 (39.4)

285 (36.8)

 Homestead and other land

493 (56.3)

464 (59.9)

Possess MGNREGA job card

 Yes

98 (11.2)

69 (8.9)

 No

778 (88.8)

706 (91.1)

Possess ration card

 Yes

474 (54.1)

410 (52.9)

 No

402 (45.9)

365 (47.1)

Type of diet

 Vegetarian

41 (4.7)

41 (5.3)

 Non-vegetarian

835 (95.3)

734 (94.7)

Households with children benefitting from government supplementary nutrition programsb

 Yes

304 (34.7)

254 (32.8)

 No

572 (65.3)

521 (67.2)

Households receiving cash transfer from government schemes during lockdownc

 Yes

369 (42.1)

–

 No

507 (57.9)

–

  1. MPCE Monthly per capita expenditure, SC/ST Schedule castes/Schedule tribes, OBC Other backward classes, MGNREGA Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
  2. aSelf-employed (Non-Agriculture) includes shop-keepers, cart-sellers, rickshaw pullers, etc
  3. bSocial group (n = 860) and households with children benefitting from government supplementary nutrition programs (n = 860) had 16 missing cases in the COVID-19 lockdown survey group and MPCE (n = 774) had 1 missing case and social group (n = 754) had 21 missing cases on the group not participating in the COVID-19 lockdown survey
  4. cFrom lockdown survey