Table 2 Daily Vegetables and Fruit Mean Intakes, Nutrient Intakes and Diet Quality for Children

n

32

24

28

48

38

36

V/F intakes

 V/F, servings

4.1 ± 2.5

4.3 ± 2.2

4.6 ± 2.3

3.9 ± 2.1

4.9 ± 2.2

4.5 ± 1.9

0.1 (− 1.8, 1.9)

1.1 (− 0.8, 3.1)

0.6 (− 1.3, 2.6)

0.32

0.09

0.10

 Juice, servings

1.1 ± 1.5

1.2 ± 1.4

1.0 ± 1.2

1.4 ± 1.4

1.5 ± 1.2

1.5 ± 1.4

0.1 (− 1.0, 1.2)

0.03 (− 1.0, 1.1)

0.4 (−0.6, 1.4)

0.59

0.82

0.50

Nutrient intakes and diet quality

 Energy, kcal

2159.6 ± 554.5

1806.0 ± 371.9

1892.7 ± 342.9

2124.6 ± 555.2

1920.4 ± 425.0

1982.0 ± 430.0

−14.5 (− 431.9, 403.0)

198.0 (− 190.5, 586.4)

124.9 (− 256.1, 506.0)

0.39

< 0.0001

0.19

 Carbohydrate, g

271.5 ± 90.7

225.5 ± 56.7

239.6 ± 49.0

272.1 ± 66.3

252.7 ± 60.4

253.2 ± 57.0

3.7 (− 55.3, 62.8)

−38.3 (− 14.1, 90.8)

23.2 (− 27.4, 73.8)

0.19

0.0004

0.06

 Carbohydrate, %

49.7 ± 8.1

49.6 ± 4.7

50.8 ± 6.9

51.7 ± 5.4

52.7 ± 5.1

51.2 ± 4.6

1.8 (− 2.9, 6.6)

2.4 (− 2.7, 7.5)

1.0 (−4.1, 6.1)

0.24

0.89

0.69

 Total sugars, g

111.8 ± 49.3

93.0 ± 30.4

101.3 ± 27.6

105.5 ± 30.0

109.7 ± 33.5

106.7 ± 30.0

− 6.4 (− 37.4, 24.6)

20.0 (−9.1, 49.0)

9.7 (−17.3, 36.6)

0.37

0.24

0.02

 Fat, g

80.6 ± 22.5

65.3 ± 15.1

67.7 ± 17.5

77.8 ± 29.8

62.4 ± 17.4

69.1 ± 19.8

− 2.0 (− 21.2, 17.3)

0.7 (− 17.0, 18.4)

1.6 (− 16.7, 20.0)

0.98

< 0.0001

0.88

 Fat, %

33.9 ± 5.9

32.5 ± 3.4

32.1 ± 5.0

32.5 ± 5.3

29.2 ± 4.5

31.2 ± 4.5

− 1.3 (− 5.3, 2.6)

−2.6 (− 6.9, 1.7)

−1.2 (− 5.4, 3.0)

0.16

0.004

0.55

 Saturated Fat, g

27.4 ± 9.3

24.3 ± 7.4

23.4 ± 8.5

28.1 ± 10.1

24.2 ± 9.0

26.5 ± 9.1

0.8 (−7.2, 8.7)

1.5 (−7.9, 10.9)

3.3 (− 5.6, 12.2)

0.48

0.04

0.60

 Protein, g

86.9 ± 23.1

78.9 ± 15.5

81.0 ± 22.3

83.9 ± 23.2

87.0 ± 23.9

86.8 ± 22.7

−1.9 (− 21.0, 17.1)

11.3 (− 9.0, 31.7)

5.5 (− 14.7, 25.6)

0.42

0.86

0.05

 Protein, %

16.4 ± 3.7

17.9 ± 3.6

17.1 ± 3.2

15.9 ± 2.3

18.1 ± 2.7

17.6 ± 3.0

− 0.5 (− 3.0, 2.1)

0.2 (−2.6, 3.0)

0.1 (− 2.9, 3.1)

0.94

< 0.0001

0.70

 Fiber, g

20.6 ± 8.0

17.1 ± 5.4

20.7 ± 8.7

19.0 ± 5.9

18.3 ± 5.6

19.1 ± 5.0

− 0.7 (− 6.0, 4.6)

3.0 (− 2.6, 8.7)

0.1 (− 5.5, 5.6)

0.63

0.003

0.06

 Potassium, mg

2788.5 ± 841.3

2670.2 ± 714.1

2759.7 ± 591.7

2740.2 ± 619.5

2930.9 ± 812.5

2826.9 ± 620.0

− 27.4 (− 618.9, 564.1)

427.0 (− 205.6, 1059.6)

215.2 (− 406.9, 837.3)

0.28

0.99

0.03

 Magnesium, mg

311 ± 106.7

268 ± 72.6 ^†

288.2 ± 80.7

288.7 ± 72.7

275.2 ± 73.7

276.2 ± 63.9

− 15.4 (− 82.0, 51.3)

33.7 (− 36.6, 104.1)

3.4 (− 66.0, 72.8)

0.74

0.001

0.02

 Calcium, mg

1051.1 ± 363.8

934.1 ± 277.8

986.0 ± 311.1

1054.3 ± 374.1

1179.6 ± 355.2

1031.5 ± 310.8

−6.8 (− 257.5, 243.9)

272.1 (− 5.8, 550.0)

78.2 (− 192.5, 348.9)

0.13

0.73

0.02

 Vitamin C, mg

127.1 ± 80.2

147 ± 70.8

144.3 ± 62.6

139.6 ± 83.5

155.7 ± 73.9

150.9 ± 72.3

8.6 (− 47.5, 64.8)

5.0 (− 56.6, 66.7)

6.6 (− 54.3, 67.5)

0.68

0.30

0.98

 NRF 9.3

43.1 ± 8.7

46.2 ± 5.4

47.6 ± 8.1

42.1 ± 6.5

44.6 ± 5.5

43.6 ± 7.9

− 0.6 (− 6.5, 5.3)

−0.5 (− 6.9, 5.9)

2.8 (− 9.0, 3.4)

0.50

0.001

0.40