Skip to main content

Table 1 Characteristics of participants

From: Agreement between 24-hour urine and 24-hour food recall in measuring salt intake in primary school children in Australia

Characteristic

Total (n = 588)

Girls (n = 273)

Boys (n = 315)

Age, years (mean, SD)

10.2 (1.2)

10.1 (1.2)

10.3 (1.3)

BMI z-scorea (mean, SD)

0.2 (1.0)

0.2 (1.0)

0.2 (0.9)

Weight categoryb (n, %)

 Underweight

39 (6.6)

22 (8.1)

17 (5.4)

 Healthy weight

443 (75.3)

194 (71.1)

249 (79.1)

 Overweight/obese

106 (18.0)

57 (20.9)

49 (15.6)

Hip circumference, cm (mean, SD)

75.5 (8.4)

75.5 (8.4)

75.5 (8.3)

Waist circumference, cm (mean, SD)

66.2 (9.1)

66.1 (9.4)

66.3 (8.9)

Waist-to-Hip ratio (mean, SD)

0.5 (0.1)

0.5 (0.1)

0.5 (0.1)

Urine volume, mL (mean, SD)

900.4 (432.6)

846.8 (394.2)

946.9 (458.8)

Urine creatinine, mmol/day (mean, SD)

6.0 (1.9)

5.7 (1.8)

6.3 (1.9)

Participants who completed 24hrU on a non-school day (n, %)

312 (53.1)

149 (54.6)

163 (51.8)

Participants who completed 24hrFR on a non-school day (n, %)

137 (23.3)

65 (23.8)

72 (22.9)

  1. a BMI z-scores were calculated using the 2000 US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts [36]
  2. b Participants were grouped into weight categories using the International Obesity Taskforce BMI reference cut-offs for children [37]